Study Deck 1

Question 1

Variable

Answer 1

A characteristic, number, or quantity that measured or counted and varies across different groups or conditions.

Question 2

Quantitative (numerical) Variable

Answer 2

A type of variable in statistics that represents numerical values or quantities that can be measured or counted (height, weight, age, temperature…)

Question 3

Categorical Variable

Answer 3

A type of variable in statistics that represents data grouped into categories or labels other than numerical values (race, sex, age group…)

Question 4

Discrete Variable

Answer 4

A type of quantitative variable that can only take specific, separate values (# of students in a class, # of cars in a lot…)

Question 5

Continuous Variable

Answer 5

A type of quantitative variable in statistics that can take any value within a range (Height, Temperature, Weight…)

Question 6

Nominal Variable

Answer 6

A type of categorical variable in statistics that represents data grouped into categories with no specific order or ranking (colors, pet types, marital status…)

Question 7

Ordinal Variable

Answer 7

A type of categorical variable in statistics that represents data grouped into categories with a meaningful order or ranking (education level, customer satisfaction…)

Question 8

Population

Answer 8

A population refers to the entire group of individuals, objects, or events that share a common characteristic and are the subject of a study

Question 9

Sample

Answer 9

A subset of individuals, objects, or events selected from a larger population

Question 10

Parameter

Answer 10

A quantitative property of a sample

Question 11

Statistic

Answer 11

A numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a sample

Question 12

Observational Study

Answer 12

A type of research in which the researcher observes and collects data without manipulating any variables

Question 13

Experiment

Answer 13

A type of research in which the researcher actively manipulates one or more variables (independent variables) to observe how these changes affect another variable (dependent variable)

Question 14

Explanatory (independent) Variable

Answer 14

A variable that is used to explain or predict the outcome of another variable

Question 15

Response (dependent) Variable

Answer 15

is the outcome or the variable that is being measured or observed in an experiment or study

Question 16

Treatment Group

Answer 16

A group in an experiment or study that receives the specific intervention, treatment, or condition being tested

Question 17

Control Group

Answer 17

A group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment or intervention being tested

Question 18

Levels

Answer 18

the different values or conditions of an explanatory variable (independent variable) that are being tested or compared

Question 19

Placebo

Answer 19

A substance or treatment that has no therapeutic effect, often used in experiments as a control to test the effectiveness of another treatment

Question 20

Completely Randomized Experiment

Answer 20

a type of experiment in which all participants are randomly assigned to different treatment or control groups, with no specific criteria or patterns guiding the assignment

Question 21

Blocked Design Experiment

Answer 21

a type of experimental design where participants are divided into homogeneous groups (blocks) based on certain characteristics that could affect the response variable

Question 22

Statistical Significance

Answer 22

refers to the likelihood that an observed effect or difference in a study is not due to random chance