Study Aide, Flashcards
What are the two parts of the CNS?
Brain & Spinal Cord
Which of the following neuroglia is the most abundant?
Astrocytes
T/F Anterograde axonal transport involves movement from the soma toward the axon terminal
True
Match the Following:
A Fibers
C Fibers
A Fibers: large diameter; myelinated
C Fiber’s: small Dimeter, un myelinated
T/F Neurons Communicate with Physical touch
False
Which is not true regarding graded/local potentials?
they are caused by local changes in ion flow? or It is propagated along the whole membrane identically?
Which of the following are true about Saltatory Conductions (Select all)
APs jump from one node of ranvier to the next
GUESS A SECOND ANSWER
T/F norepinephrine is an example of a neurotransmitter that causes an excitatory response
True
Select all mechanisms that turn off stimulation of synaptic signaling
neurotransmitter diffuses away, synaptic knob reabsorbs amino acids and monoamines, Acetylcholinesterase degrades ACH in synaptic cleft
Which are true about the absolute refractory period (select all)
it maintains one-way flow, it is harder to fire a new AP
Which neuron would Activate to a muscle?
A
-looks like spikey lollypop
Match the Following: Synaptic Vesicles
C
Match the following: Calcium Ions
A
Match the Following: Post Synaptic Membrane
B
Match the following: Synaptic Cleft
D
Which neuron would be found in the retina of the eye
B
Which neuron is a sensory neuron found in a reflex arch?
C
-looks like rope with frayed edges
Which Neuron is typically involved in the special senses of sight and smell?
B
-looks like eye
Match the Following: Ion Channel
E
An action potential is regarded as an example of a positive feedback, Which of the following examples below best illustrated the positive feedback aspect of an action potential
A threshold stimuli will cause the opening of a voltage gated sodium ion channels that will cause further depolarizing stimulus. This stimulus will open still more voltage gated sodium ion channels
During the refractory period of an action potential, a larger than normal stimulus is needed to cause another action potential. This is due to the fact that…
the voltage gated potassium ion channels remain open long enough to hyperpolarize the axon membrane
The effect of acetylcholine can be stimulating or inhibiting. Which of the following gives the best explanation for why this is so?
different postsynaptic cells will have different receptors
Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. The majority of these exonal knobs are shown to be ‘firing”. However, the neuron in question does not transmit an impulse. Give a valid explanation as to why this could occur.
Both excitatory and inhibitory potentials impinge on neurons. In this case, inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) outnumber EPSPs, and due to the IPSP neurotransmitter that is beingreleased and its action, the postsynaptic neuron is inhibited from “firing” (hyperpolarized).
Depolarization does not reach threshold value to “fire” (must reach -50 to -55 mV to produce an AP)
When one or more presynaptic neurons fire in rapid order it produces a much greater depolarization of the post synaptic membrane than would result from a single EPSP; this event is called _______ summation.
Temporal
