Study Flashcards
Use Case
describes a singular goal of one user and briefly outlines how they will accomplish the goal
models how a user interacts with a program
Use Case Diagram
Class Diagram
models the classes, or objects of a program
Sequence Diagram
interaction between software components and order of events
Activity diagram
a flowchart of an activity (loop, function, etc.) within the program
Compiled Languages
C
C++
Java
C#
Interpreted Languages
Python
JavaScript
MATLAB
Statically Typed Languages
C
C++
Java
Dynamically Typed Languages
Python
Statically typed
languages are considered safer
dynamically typed
considered easier to use and require fewer variables.
4 parts of SDLC
Analysis - Design - Implementation - Testing
assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5
Assignment Statement
declares a new variable, specifying the variable’s name and type.
variable declaration
hold whole number values, like 1, 999, 0, or -25
values that are counted, like 42 cars, 10 pizzas, or -95 days.
Integer
A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or function
Identifier
word that is part of the language, like integer, Get, or Put. A programmer cannot use a reserved word as an identifier
Reserved Word
refers to the decimal point being able to appear anywhere (“float”) in the number.
values that are measured, like 98.6 degrees, 0.00001 meters, or -666.667 grams.
used when dealing with fractions of countable items, such as the average number of cars per household.
float
A string is a sequence of characters, like “Hello” or “The forecast for today is sunny with highs of 75F.”.
string
used in programs to hold the value of mathematical or physical constants, such as Pi, the speed of light, or kilograms per pound.
value item that holds a value that cannot change
ex. SOUND_SPEED is a float constant holding the speed of sound at sea level in miles/hour
Constant
a loop that repeatedly executes the loop body while the loop’s expression evaluates to true
Number of iterations is not (easily) computable before the loop, like iterating until the input is ‘q’.
while loop
loop consisting of a loop variable initialization, a loop expression, and a loop variable update that typically describes iterating for a specific number of times.
Number of iterations is computable before the loop, like iterating N times.
for loop
a loop that first executes the loop body’s statements, then checks the loop condition
useful when the loop should iterate at least once
do-while loop
