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Database Midterm 1 > Study > Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the user’s data stores in a database?

A

Tables

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2
Q

Stored in tables

A

User data

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3
Q

Information about the structure of a database is called

A

Metadata

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4
Q

Metadata

A

Information about the structure of a database

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5
Q

What is a DBMS

A

Database Management System is software used to create, access, and maintain a database

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6
Q

Software used to create, access, and maintain a database

A

DBMS

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7
Q

Retrieves data from the database

A

DBMS engine

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8
Q

What does a DBMS engine do

A

Retrieves data from a database

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9
Q

When asked to add data to a table what is done?

A

Insert into query

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10
Q

Insert into query is used when?

A

Adding data to a table

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11
Q

Referential integrity constraint

A

Rule that states each foreign key value must match a primary key value in the other relation

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12
Q

Rule that states each foreign key value must match a primary key value in the other relation

A

Referential integrity constraint

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13
Q

What do rows and columns represent

A

Tuples and attributes

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14
Q

Tuples and attributes are represented by

A

Rows and columns

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15
Q

BOYCE Codd normal form

A

If all determinants are a candidate key

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16
Q

If all determinants are a candidate key

A

BOYCE Codd normal form

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17
Q

Third normal form

A

Free from transitive dependencies

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18
Q

Free from transitive dependencies

A

Third normal form

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19
Q

Second normal form

A

No partial dependencies

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20
Q

No partial dependencies

A

Second normal form

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21
Q

What is a composite key

A

Primary key made up of two or more attributes

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22
Q

Primary key made up of two or more attributes

A

Composite key

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23
Q

How is “multi determines” written?

A

Double arrow

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24
Q

Double arrows are used for

A

Multi determinates

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25
Q

DML

A

Deals primarily with user data (INSERT, SELECT)

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26
Q

Deals primarily with user data (INSERT, SELECT)

A

DML

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27
Q

DDL

A

Deals primarily with metadata (CREATE, DROP)

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28
Q

Deals primarily with metadata (CREATE, DROP)

A

DDL

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29
Q

How is a composite attribute (an attribute with more than one value) written in a relation?

A

Only its values are

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30
Q

Only its values are written in a relation

A

Composite attribute

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31
Q

How are open circle attributes (derived) written in a relation?

A

They are not

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32
Q

Simple vs composite

A

Simple has one piece of data, composite has more than one attribute

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33
Q

Single vs multi valued

A

Single has one data value, multi has more than one

34
Q

Stored vs derived

A

Stored data is retained, derived are calculated

35
Q

One piece of data

A

Simple attribute

36
Q

Has more than one attribute

37
Q

One data value

A

Single attribute

38
Q

More than one data value

A

Multivalued attribute

39
Q

Retained

A

Stored data values

40
Q

Derived

A

Calculated

41
Q

Represented by rectangle in Chen and Crow’s Foot Models

A

Entity class

42
Q

Entity class is represented by

A

Triangle in Chen and Crow’s Foot Model

43
Q

ER model other names and creator

A

E-R Diagram or ERE. Peter Chen

44
Q

E-R Diagram or ERE. Peter Chen

45
Q

Relational Model

A

Applied using relational algebra. Stored as rows and columns. Uses normalization

46
Q

Applied using relational algebra. Stored as rows and columns. Uses normalization

A

Relational Model

47
Q

Low Level

A

Physical level (file layouts, indexing, OS access strategies) DBMS specific

48
Q

Physical level (file layouts, indexing, OS access strategies) DBMS specific

49
Q

Representational Model

A

Relational Model

50
Q

UOD

A

“Universe Of Discourse”. Description of model we are implementing in database.

51
Q

“Universe Of Discourse”. Description of model we are implementing in database.

52
Q

Database development lifecycle

A

Create data model, transpose data model into relations, normalize relations, create database tables within DBMS, define relationships between tables, define forms, define queries, define reports, define menus, application metadata, maintenance.

53
Q

Create data model, transpose data model into relations, normalize relations, create database tables within DBMS, define relationships between tables, define forms, define queries, define reports, define menus, application metadata, maintenance.

A

Database development lifecycle

54
Q

Run time subsystem

A

Processes components created with design tools

55
Q

Processes components created with design tools

A

Run time subsystem

56
Q

Design tools subsystem

A

Creates tables, forms, queries, and reports

57
Q

Creates tables, forms, queries, and reports

A

Design tools subsystem

58
Q

Database vs filesystem

A

Special programs needed to extract filesystem data, DBMS used for database. Data items frequently duplicated in filesystems, minimal duplication in databases. All programs must update filesystem, DBMS handles file modification. Convert files to compatible formats, DBMS does all formatting. No data relations in filesystems, databases have this.

59
Q

Define database

A

Shared, self describing, organized collection of logically-related persistent data

60
Q

Shared, self describing, organized collection of logically-related persistent data

61
Q

Data formats

A

Text, numbers, date/time, graphics and images, sound a video, programs and other objects

62
Q

Text, numbers, date/time, graphics and images, sound a video, programs and other objects

A

Data formats

63
Q

Application metadata

A

Data about structure of forms, reports, and queries

64
Q

Data about structure of forms, reports, and queries

A

Application metadata

65
Q

Index (and overhead) data

A

An index aids in searching

66
Q

User data

A

Data tracked by users

67
Q

Data tracked by users

68
Q

DBMS definitely

A

Software that facilitates the transfer of data between the database and the design and run-time subsystems

69
Q

Software that facilitates the transfer of data between the database and the design and run-time subsystems

70
Q

Database disadvantages

A

DBAs, installation costs, conversion costs, backup, political problems

71
Q

DBAs, installation costs, conversion costs, backup, political problems

A

Database disadvantages

72
Q

Define data model

A

Set of concepts that can be used to capture a UoD

73
Q

Set of concepts that can be used to capture a UoD

A

Data model

74
Q

What is an entity instance?

A

Actual occurrence of data for an entity class like “Smith, John”. Usually never shown

75
Q

Actual occurrence of data for an entity class like “Smith, John”. Usually never shown

A

Entity instance

76
Q

How is a composite identifier represented on a Chen Diagram?

A

Identifier with multiple lines pointing out of it

77
Q

Identifier with multiple lines pointing out of it

A

Composite identifier

78
Q

Types of anomalies

A

Redundancy is repeated information. Update anomaly is failure to change all instances of a specific value. Delete anomaly is to delete data and lose other values as a side effect. Insert anomaly needs user to add information about multiple themes.

79
Q

Redundancy is repeated information. Update anomaly is failure to change all instances of a specific value. Delete anomaly is to delete data and lose other values as a side effect. Insert anomaly needs user to add information about multiple themes.

A

Types of anomalies

80
Q

A data model that effectively captures the entities and the interactions/connections between those entities will

A

Require little to no modification when transposed into relations

Database Midterm 1 (1 decks)

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