Study Flashcards
What usually occurs in homologous pairs?
Eukaryotic chromosomes.
What is DNA in the form of during Interphase? How about in Mitosis?
chromatin & chromosomes
What type of cell does a sexually reproductive organism produce from meiosis?
Sex cells/gametes.
When do growth, most cell functions, and replication of chromosomes occur?
Interphase.
What is nuclear division called?
Mitosis.
What is cytoplasmic division called?
Cytokinesis.
Asexual v.s. Sexual reproduction?
Sexual involves meiosis/haploid cells like gametes. Asexual is a simple plant/organism that produces without creating genetically different offspring using the regular old diploid cells in mitosis.
Why does Meiosis separate homologous chromosomes in a diploid nucleus?
To produce daughter haploid cells.
When do independent chromosomes reach the opposite spindle poles?
Telophase of mitosis.
When do duplicated chromosomes migrate to the cell’s equator?
Metaphase of mitosis.
When do replicated chromosomes coil up and condense?
Prophase of Mitosis.
When does the centromeres divide?
Anaphase of mitosis.
When do independent chromosomes move to the poles?
Anaphase of Mitosis.
When does the spindle break down?
Telophase
of Mitosis.
When does the nuclear envelope disintegrate?
Prophase of Mitosis.
When do the sister chromatids split and become independent chromosomes?
Anaphase of Mitosis.
When does the spindle form?
Prophase of Mitosis.
When does cytokinesis begin?
Telophase of Mitosis.
Homologous chromosomes line up side by side
Tetrad / homologous chromosome pairs
Nonsister chromatids exchange genetic material
Crossing over
Arrangement of genetic material is new dew to crossing over
Genetic variation
What is the point of crossing over
to create new gene form combos for genetic variation
Are asexually produced organisms identical to their parents?
Yes
Are the body cells of a human haploid or diploid?
Diploid
When does DNA replication occur?
S Phase of Interphase
When do cell plates form im plant cells?
Cytokinesis
Using what process do diploid cells produce haploid cells
Meiosis
When does crossing over occur
Meiosis I (Prophase I)
Does DNA replicate between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?
No
When does reduction of chromosome number occur?
Meiosis I
produces genetically variable cells
Meiosis
Allows multicellular organisms to grow
Mitosis
Produces genetically identical cells
Mitosis
Productions of haploid cells from diploid cells
Meiosis
Producing diploid cells from diploid cells
Mitosis
Cells divide twice
Meiosis
