Study

Question 1

What is PACT?
With example.

Answer 1

1. People- who will use the system
2. Activities- What tasks will the system help accomplish
3. Context - In what environments will the system be used
4. Technologies - what technologies will be utilized to support the people and activities.

Question 2

Three paper prototype

Question 3

What is an evaluation plan? use example

Question 4

Prototyping / Design Models / Gulfs / Interaction Styles

Question 5

What is the process of conceptual to physical design? use example

Answer 5

1. Conceptual Design
   Purpose: To define the high-level structure and functionality of the fitness app.

Inputs:

User Research Insights: Understanding user needs, pain points, and goals (e.g., users want to track workouts easily).
Functional Requirements: Key features the app must include (e.g., workout tracking, goal setting, progress monitoring).
Market Analysis: Identifying gaps in existing fitness apps and opportunities for improvement.
Outputs:

User Journeys: A visual flow of how users will interact with the app to achieve goals (e.g., logging a workout, checking progress).
Wireframes: Basic sketches showing the app’s layout and navigation (e.g., placement of buttons for starting a workout).
Feature List: A prioritized list of functionalities such as activity tracking, reminders, and user profiles.
2. Physical Design
Purpose: To translate the conceptual design into a detailed, implementable system for development.

Inputs:

Wireframes and User Journeys: Information from the conceptual design phase.
Technical Requirements: Specifications like platform compatibility (iOS, Android) and APIs (e.g., integration with fitness trackers).
Design Principles: Ensuring usability, accessibility, and a user-friendly interface.
Outputs:

High-Fidelity Prototypes: Detailed visual designs including colors, fonts, and finalized layouts.
Interactive Mockups: Prototypes that simulate user interactions for testing purposes.
Technical Specifications: Detailed plans for data storage, algorithms for tracking workouts, and integration points (e.g., using Fitbit or Apple Health APIs).
Conclusion:
The progression from conceptual to physical design ensures the fitness app moves from high-level user-focused ideas to detailed visuals and technical specifications, making it ready for development.

Question 6

Visualization/Voice Interaction/Gestural Interaction/Guidelines/Color

Question 7

Human Computer task allocation & Good Design: Theories, Models,
Processes and Techniques

Question 8

merits of empathy mapping vs user personas

Answer 8

User Personas
User personas are fictional profiles representing key types of users based on research and data. They include details like demographics, goals, and challenges to guide design decisions.

Merits of User Personas:
Provides a structured, detailed profile of users to align the team’s focus.
Helps make design decisions by referencing user goals and needs.

Empathy Mapping
Empathy mapping is a visual tool that helps understand what users say, think, do, and feel to explore their emotional experiences and behaviors.

Merits of Empathy Mapping:

Focuses on user emotions and behaviors, highlighting pain points.
Quick to create, making it useful for brainstorming and early research.01

Question 9

What is convergent vs divergent thinking?

Answer 9

Divergent Thinking
Focus: Generating many ideas and exploring a wide range of possibilities.
Purpose: Encourage creativity and innovation by thinking broadly.
Process: Expansive, open-ended, and non-linear.
Example: Brainstorming multiple features for a fitness app or book club application.
Key Question: “What are all the possible solutions?”
Convergent Thinking
Focus: Narrowing down ideas to find the best or most feasible solution.
Purpose: Make decisions and focus on the most viable solution.
Process: Analytical, logical, and systematic.
Example: Choosing the most important feature to implement after brainstorming.
Key Question: “Which solution solves the problem best?”

Question 10

What is an example of the Double diamond example?

Answer 10

Discover
Define
Develope
Deliver

1. Discover (Divergent Thinking)
   Purpose: Explore and understand user needs, pain points, and opportunities.
   Activities:
   Conduct user research (e.g., interviews and surveys) with readers.
   Identify pain points like difficulty coordinating meetings or sharing book recommendations.
   Example: Users struggle to find time to meet and need a platform to vote on books easily.
2. Define (Convergent Thinking)
   Purpose: Focus on a clear problem statement based on insights from the Discover phase.
   Activities:
   Analyze findings and prioritize core problems.
   Define the primary problem: “Readers need a user-friendly way to coordinate meetings, vote on books, and track reading progress.”
   Example: The app should simplify scheduling meetings and include book voting features.
3. Develop (Divergent Thinking)
   Purpose: Generate creative solutions to address the problem.
   Activities:
   Brainstorm multiple ideas for features (e.g., polls for book selection, calendar integration, discussion boards).
   Develop low-fidelity prototypes and gather feedback.
   Example: Ideas include a voting system for book choices, a group calendar, and discussion forums.
4. Deliver (Convergent Thinking)
   Purpose: Test, refine, and finalize the app’s features.
   Activities:
   Create high-fidelity prototypes and conduct usability testing.
   Implement the final features based on user feedback.
   Example: Final features include a book voting tool, calendar integration, and notifications for upcoming meetings.

Question 11

Purpose of error messages

Answer 11

Inform users about an issue that prevents successful interaction with the system.
Guide users on how to correct or resolve the issue.
Reduce frustration by offering clear, constructive feedback.
Important Factors in Error Message Design
Clarity: The message must clearly explain what went wrong.
Conciseness: Short and to the point without technical jargon.
Actionable: Provide steps to resolve the issue.
Friendly Tone: Avoid blaming users; use polite and supportive language.
Visibility: The message should be noticeable but not intrusive.

Question 12

Role of sounds in a good UX.

Answer 12

Role of Sound in Designing Good User Experiences
Enhances Feedback:
Sound provides immediate confirmation of user actions, reinforcing interactions.
Example: A “ding” sound when a message is sent in a messaging app assures the user that the action was successful.
Improves Accessibility:
Helps users with visual impairments or those in situations where visual cues are insufficient.
Example: Screen readers use sound cues to guide users through navigation.
Creates Emotional Impact:
Sounds can evoke feelings or set the tone of the app, improving engagement.
Example: A cheerful tone when achieving a fitness goal motivates users to continue.
Alerts and Notifications:
Keeps users informed about critical events or updates without needing constant attention on the screen.
Example: Alarm sounds in productivity apps remind users of deadlines or scheduled activities.

Question 13

What is design thinking?

Answer 13

Empathise, Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test