study Flashcards
What was the Renaissance?
Period of cultural rebirth in Europe, revival of classic ideas, started in italy, spread throughout EU in next couple 100 yrs
What changes in Europe led to the Renaissance?
Development of Italian city states, and trade and commerce, increased contact with classic ideas
Where did these new ideas come from? How did people hear about them?
Crusades, churhc clergy copies, byzantine and muslims
How did trade transform Europe?
Increased contact with east and west, turned italian cities into centrs of trade, weakednd feudalism
Why was location important to Italian city-states?
Increased trade and contact
What were humanist views? How did they challenge medieval ideas?
Balanced earthly life with religious,
What was Florence’s role in the Renaissance?
Rich people sponser cultural growth since it is at the center location
How did Renaissance scholars improve architecture, science, and math?
arches, based on experimentation and observation
How did Renaissance artists improve painting and sculpture?
Perspective
Who was Johannes Gutenberg? How did he contribute to the spread of new ideas?
Inventor of the printing press with metal movable type, make spread of knowledge and ideas easier
Michelangelo
Sculpture and painting. Carved La Pietà, David and Moses. Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel,
Titian
Official painter of Venice, court painter of Italy, Emperor said, “Titian is worthy to be served by Caesar,” , was knighted
Albrecht Durer
blended Germany Italian styles. Engravings and woodcuts ( for printing ). set a new standard in printmaking
Nicolaus Copernicus
Theorized earth revolves around the sun, challenged CC
Andreas Vesalius
Studied for himself, not Galen, wrote a textbook considered 1st modern medical textbook
Isabella I
Unified spain, Encouraged exploration, supported Christopher Columbus- led to great wealth in spain, Helped start spanish inquisition
Elizabeth I
inspired great love and loyalty from subjects, Culture thrived under her rule, worked to strengthen England’s economy, encouraged trade and commerce.
William Shakespeare
Actor, poet and playwright.sonnets. 38 plays, Shakespeare has had a deep influence on later writers and has also left a lasting mark on the English language.
Miguel Cervantes
A gifted writer - satire, Don Quixote, very popular in Spain. masterpieces of world literature.
Leonardo da Vinci
Polymath, Famous art like Mona Lisa, inspired other great artists
What problems weakened the Catholic Church before the Reformation?
Worldiness, corruption, indulgences, simony, division with political/rulers, Western Schism confuses catholics
How did European rulers come into conflict with the Church?
CC has lot’s of power, but kings that are no longer depending on the CC also want power
How did the Church become divided during the Western Schism?
It was divided from france and rome, 3 different popes
What did early reformers do?
They critiied the CC and their corruption, and many translated the bible into different languages
