study Flashcards
which brain areas are implicated in Patient K.C.’s inability to recall autobiographical details of his life from many years before his accident?
frontal and parietal cortex
patient K.C.
has inability to recall autobiographical details from his life from before the accident
place cells located:
in hippocampus
place cells become active when:
animal moves through its spatial environment or toward particular location
plastic changes at level of synapse: - ____ ____ that’s used ____ ____ can lead to ____ of synapses - synapse enlarges ____ - postsynaptic membrane becomes ____ ____ to transmitter
- neural circuit; more often; increase - presynaptically - more sensitive
compared to animals placed in ____ conditions, animals kept in ____ conditions have heavier, thicker cortices
impoverished; enriched
Compared to animals placed in impoverished conditions, animals kept in enriched conditions have heavier, thicker cortices. This is evidence for:
effect of experience and learning on brain plasticity
After brief tetanus, ____ ____ ____ (____) response increases significantly and remains high. This greater responsiveness is called:
excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP); long-term potentiation (LTP)
LTP
EPSP response increases significantly and remains high
after tetanus there are ____ AMPA receptors, and these receptors are ____ effective, so synaptic response to glutamate is ____
more; more; strengthened
biggest difference between sparse and distributed coding of memory:
number of neurons involved in storing info
according to Cannon-Bard theory of emotions, emotional experience and autonomic response:
are simultaneously triggered by emotional stimuli
evidence that challenges idea that specific emotions are linked to specific physical responses:
there’s no distinctive autonomic pattern for each separate emotion
Following fear conditioning experiment in which tone was paired with shock, one animal shows freezing response upon hearing tone while second doesn’t. If you were informed that second animal had brain lesion, where would you predict it to be?
amygdala
grabbing gun out of hand of assailant
behaviors expected in patient with bilateral damage to amygdala
reaction considered “high road” response to bear appearing at your picnic:
grabbing pots and pans to make lots of noise
cocaine and amphetamine both affect accumulation of neurotransmitter ____ in synapse
dopamine
common feature of addictive drugs appears to be that they:
cause release of dopamine in nucleus accumbens
opponent process theory of drug addiction: - there are ____ ____ that control our ____ ____ to avoid large ____ from baseline states - with ____ use of drug, pleasurable experience of drug is ____, and negative effects of ____ become more ____ - behavior is motivated by both seeking ____ experiences and avoiding ____ experiences
- homeostatic mechanisms; brain chemistry; deviations - repeated; diminished; withdrawal; prominent - rewarding; aversive
rating his or her own fear reaction as low in response to a frightening clip
behaviors expected in patient with bilateral damage to amygdala
absence of fear reaction in response to snakes and spiders
behaviors expected in patient with bilateral damage to amygdala
