Study Flashcards
What is the spontaneous generation
The idea that living things could spontaneously arise from non-living matter.
What is the anthers job
To produce male sex cells (pollen grains)
What is the job of the carpel
The female reproductive part of the flower
What is the job filament
A stalk-like structure that supports the anther
What is the job of the ovule
Develops into a seed after fertilizations
What is the job of the ovary
To produce female sex cells (eggs)
What is the petal
May be brightly colored to attract insects
What is the job of the sepal
They protect the flower when its still a bud
What is the job of the stamen
The male part of a flower consisting of an anther held up on a filiment
What is the job of the stigma
The top of the female part of the flower which is sticky so pollen grains stick to it
What is the job of the style
The tube connecting the stigma to the ovary
Adaptation of the anther
Wind- outside flower and loose on long filaments
Insect-inside flower , stiff and firmly attatched
Adaptation of the petal
Wind-small and dully colored
Insect-large and brightly colored
Adaptation of pollen
Wind-smooth and light
Insect-sticky or spiky
Adaptation of Stigma
Wind-outside flower and feathery
Insect-inside flower and sticky
Definition of asexual reproduction
Reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring (clones)
Definition of sexual reproduction
Reproduction which female and male gametes fuse at fertilizations to produce offspring that are generically different to the parents
Definition of fertilization
The fusion of male and female gametes.
Definition of gametes
A male or female sex cell
Definition of nectar
A sugary liquid which attracts pollinating insects to a flower
Definition of nectar
A sugary liquid which attracts pollinating insects to a flower
Definition of menstruation
The process of releasing blood and tissue from the lining of the uterus as part of the menstrual cycle
Definition of egg/ova
The female sex cell produced by the ovaries
Definition of puberty
The period of time when a person becomes sexually mature. It causes physical changes that affect males and females differently
Definition of sperm
The male sex cell produced by the testes
Definition of ovulation
The release of a mature egg cell from an ovary
Seminal vesicle
Adds fluid to sperm
Prostate gland
Adds fluid to sperm
Epididymis
Coiled tube where sperm mature
Testes
Organs that produce the sperm
Scrotum
Sac that holds the testes outside the abdominal cavity
Vas deferens
Tube that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra
Urethra
Tube which both semen and urine can flow out of
Cervix
Part of the uterus that keeps it closed while a baby is developing
Ovary
Organ that produce the eggs (ova)
Fallopian tube
Tubes which the egg passes on its way to the uterus and where fertilizations occurs
Uterus
Organ in which the baby grown and develops
Vagina
Organ that allows the penis to be inserted to deposit sperm, it also acts as the birth canal
Red blood cell adaption
Biconcave shape to give it a large area for the diffusion of oxygen
Muscle cell structure and function
Contains bands of protein that change shape to contract and relax
Root hair structure and function
Cilia (hair like structures) to waft the egg down the fallopian tube
Sperm structure and function
Tail like structure and lots of mitochondria to release energy for movement
Palisade cell structure and function
Contains lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis
Cell wall
Protects and supports the plant cell
Chloroplast
To photosynthesize to produce glucose
Cytoplasm
The nutrition rich fluid which other organelles are found
Vacuole
Large storage vesicle used for storing water , nutrients and helps keep the cell rigid
Golgi apparatus
Folds and packages proteins and sends them to the correct location
Mitochondria
Converts energy from food into usable form that all ports of the cell can use
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transports proteins and other substances around the cell
Cell membrane
Determines which substances can enter and exit the cell
Nucleus
Control centre of the cell , where DNA is located
Nucleolus
Makes ribosomes
Ribosomes
Makes proteins
Centrioles
Structures that aid in cell division
Lysosome
Gets rid of waste from the cell
Why don’t animals need chloroplasts
The function of chloroplasts is to photosynthesise to produce glucose. Animal cells do not need to undergo the process of photosynthesis
The modern cell theory
All living things are made up of cells
The cell is the basic structure and function unit of all living things
All cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division
