Studio A Proficiency Flashcards
7 steps
STA master fader GM master fader STA in grand master select PGM monitor ST GM in monitor select C/R volume Speaker select/mute in control room station
Default input to monitor path
Tape
3 outputs for Channel Path
PGM bus
Multitrack bus
Direct out
NO DEFAULT
Default input for channel path
MIC
Default output for monitor path
Direct Out
Cue sends?
Monitor Pre
Use 7/8 fader 1 pre for cues
Reverb sends?
Monitor post
Where do all aux sends default to?
Monitor Post
How do you hear cues?
On Aux (227L), hit AFL Solo
Goes to “aux send output” on patch bay, which is normalled to STA on cue box
Comb filtering how to find doubling and cancelling frequencies;
1 mic is a foot away from sound, other mic is 4 feet from sound
Doubling frequency = 1130/wavelength (in feet) OR 3 feet
Cancelling frequency = double the distance (3*2=6)
1130/6= cancelling frequency
Mid/Side Example using 17/18
Fader 2 #17 bussed to 17 and 18
Pan fader 1 left and right
Mute fader 2 #17
Calibrate with time -> patch multitape out to fader 2 channel input 18
Assign fader 2 #18 to 17 and open bus (1)
Patch open bus (1) to open channel (fader 2 channel input #33
Phase flip 33
Assign fader 2 #33 to bus 18
Aux 9/10
Makes aux send 9/10 feed bus matrix 1-8
FDR 1
Takes fader 1 path and feeds it to fader 2
Film surround order
L C R Ls Rs LFE
SMPTE surround order
L R C LFE Ls Rs
DTS surround order
L R Ls Rs C LFE
Divergence
Bleed to other speakers
More divergence =more discrete panning
Inverse Square Law
A 6dB decrease in sound pressure level for every doubling of distance from sound source
Moving coil mics
Can handle high SPL levels
High noise floor
Low sensitivity
Ribbon mics
Smooth frequency response
Low sensitivity
Low max SPL
IAD
Interaural amplitude differences
ITD
Interaural timing difference
Coincident pair
What are examples?
Both diaphragms are equidistant from sound source
Mono compatible
XY
Blumlein
M/S
ORTF
Near coincident
2 cardioids at 110 degree 17cm apart
NOS
Near coincident
2 cardioids @ 90 degrees 30 cm apart
3:1 rule
About multiple mics on multiple instruments
When 2 or more mics are used on 2 or more sound sources, each mic should be 3X further from adjacent sound source as it is from its own sound source
3x = 10dB drop
Encoding
Taking multiple discrete channels and converting to 2 channel mix
Lt/Rt left total and right total
Bass mgmt
Determines what subwoofer content will be on playback
- LFE channel
- all bass from all channels that is below cutoff frequency
Bass redirect
Mutes or unmutes low frequency signals filtered out of full-range channels (all signals that fall below the bass mgmt filter cutoff frequency)
Differences in line, mic, and instrument level
Line = 0VU = 1.228 V = +4 dBU
Low impedance
Mic level = low impedance
Instrument level = high impedance
Setting up LFE channel
Use fader 2 as LFE feed FDR 1 button Fader 2 assigned to open bus (1) Multitrack bus (1) patched to LFE filter Patch FLT out to Surround Fader In LFE
