Studies And Observations

Question 1

Describe the difference between scientific thinking and every day observation

Answer 1

Science relies on repeatable evidence where as every day observation often ignores evidence. Scientific knowledge is both stable and changing.

Question 2

Educated guess based on prior info or knowledge

Answer 2

Hypothesis

Question 3

A hypothesis must be ________ and _________

Answer 3

Falsifiable and Testable

Question 4

The relationship between facts. It is used to explain a phenomenon and generate predictions.

Answer 4

Theory

Question 5

Does correlation equal causation?

Answer 5

No. Correlation does not equal causation.

Question 6

________ describes a linear relationship between two variables.

Answer 6

Correlation

Question 7

True or false? It is possible to have validity without reliability.

Answer 7

False, you must have a reliability to have validity.

Question 8

Participants have an equal chance of being in the experimental or the control condition.

Answer 8

Randomization

Question 9

Participants are taken from a certain population then randomized into conditions

Answer 9

Convenience

Question 10

What are three methods of science descriptive?

Answer 10

Case studies, observations, and surveys

Question 11

Study in which people or animals of various ages are compared at a given time.

Answer 11

Cross sectional study

Question 12

Study in which subjects are followed and periodically reassessed over a period of time

Answer 12

Longitudinal study

Question 13

This study combines cross-section and longitudinal design.

Answer 13

Mixed longitudinal

Question 14

The consistency or stability of an observation

Answer 14

Reliability

Question 15

The accuracy or Percision of measurement

Answer 15

Validity

Question 16

Do you use for finding meaningful patterns and summaries in large sets of data

Answer 16

Descriptive statistics

Question 17

Describe the problem that can occur with the mean value of a data set

Answer 17

The mean could easily be skewed by outliers within the data set

Question 18

What are the two areas descriptive statistics measure?

Answer 18

Measures of central tendency in and measure up spread/dispersion

Question 19

Statistics that allow experimenters to draw conclusions from samples to larger populations/how our observations fit the big picture

Answer 19

Inferential statistics

Question 20

Refers to a result that is extremely unlikely to occur by chance

Answer 20

Statistical significance

Question 21

Testing to reject the null hypothesis

Answer 21

Null hypothesis testing

Question 22

Default position that there is no difference between the independent variable and control condition

Answer 22

Null Hypothesis

Question 23

Position stating that there is a difference between the exposure and control condition

Answer 23

Alternative Hypothesis

Question 24

Probability of the occurrence of a given event

Answer 24

P value

Question 25

Best study to use for rare cases

Answer 25

Case study

Question 26

A subset of a population is called a

Answer 26

Sample