Students as Learners Flashcards
Piaget’s Theory Overview
Learning happens as people adapt to their environments.
Learners use Assimilation and Adaptation to understand problems.
All children pass through the same stages of cognitive development at their own time.
4 stages
Piaget’s Four Stages of development
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concreate Operational
Formal Operational
Piaget’s Sensorimotor Stage Deff.
(0-2 Years )
No questions.
Understanding object permeance which is a concept that things continue to exist even through you cannot see them.
Goal Oriented behavior: Doing something for a favorable result.
Piaget’s Preoperational Stages Deff.
(2-7 Years old)
Developing Language skills.
Able to think through simple problems in one direction.
Egocentrism( Cannot see others perspectives)
Piaget’s Concrete Operational Stages Deff.
(7-11 years old )
Children can preform a mental operations and then reverse their thinking back to the starting point (Reversibility).
Transitivity: Classifying objects according to characteristics
Seriation: Put objects in order according to given criterion.
Conservation: The amount of substance doesn’t change because it’s arranged differently.
Piaget’s Formal Operational Stage Deff.
(11 Years and up)
Not all students will reach this stage. Only 35% of adults ever achieves this stage.
Ability to solve abstract problems involving many independent elements.
Dewey’s Theory Overview
Pragmatism: Holds hat the practicability and usefulness of ideas determine their merit.
Believed education need to be meaningful
Include hands on approaches to learning.
Democratic principles should apply in the classroom
Vygotsky’s Theory overview
Four Major Ideas:
Culture
Roles of private speech
Zone of proximal development
Scaffolding
Vygotsky’s deff of Culture
Environmental and cultural factors have an enormous impact on what children learn. Dictates what methods children find useful and their priorities.
Vygotsky’s deff of Private Speech
talking to themselves as they play or solve problems.
This helps to breakdown a problem and solve it.
Children who use private speech learn more complex tasks more effectively.
Vygotsky’s Deff of Zone of Proximal Development
There are problems that children can solve with help by adults. These problems are where learning takes place.
Vygotsky’s deff of Scaffolding
Supporting learning and placing steps to gain more knowledge.
Constructivism
Learning is constant assimilation of knew knowledge and experiences in each student’s unique world view.
Bruner’s Theory overview
Associated with spiral curriculum.
Students can learn any subject as long as it was presented appropriately for their age.
Blooms Taxonomy Levels
Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation
Blooms Knowledge
Recalling factual information
Blooms Comprehension
Using factual information to answer specific questions
Blooms Application
Taking an abstract concept together with specific facts to answer a question
Blooms Analysis
Breaking down a question into concepts and ideas in order to answer a questions
Blooms Synthesis
Connecting concepts and ideas to create a new product or idea
Blooms Evaluation
Making considered judgments by breaking down and reconnecting ideas, concepts and facts and comparing judgement to standards.
Affective domain
Class participation, listening as well as speaking defending position and recognizing the opinions of others.
Psychomotor Domain
includes abilities related to physical prowess ranging from reflexes through basic motions.
Erikson’s 8 stages of Psychosocial development
- Trust vs Mistrust (birth to 18 months)
- Autonomy vs Doubt (18 months to 3 years)
- Initiative vs Guilt (3-6 years)
- Industry vs Inferiority (6-12 years)
- Identity vs Roles Confusion (12-18 Years)
- Intimacy vs Isolation (Young adult)
- Generatively vs Stagnation (Mid Adulthood)
- Integrity vs Despair (Late Adulthood)
