stuarts Flashcards
From 1500-1650, what happened to the population?
Nearly doubled
How many men were a part of the political nation?
1 in 200
Name 3 impacts of rapid population increase in England?
Inflation, food shortage, land shortage, unemployment, greater reliance on state for poor relief
What is an example of salary comparison between merchants and the aristocracy?
100,000 to 200 annually respectively
When was the True Lawe of Free Monarchies published?
1598
What key ideas are discussed in the True Lawe of Free Monarchies?
Kings are Gods, appointed by Gods, and answerable only to God. Claimed to be absolute in matters of state and religion
James made peace with Spain after how many years of conflict under Elizabeth?
20
Who wrote an overwhelmingly negative description of James I’s character, saying things such as ‘
What genre of theatre did the Jacobean court spawn?
Masque
Which partnership developed Jacobean masque? + name one of their productions?
Ben Jonson and Inigo Jones- Masque of Gypsies 1621
Which style of architecture brought Italian motifs into the English style?
Palladianism
How did James’ munificence affect the Court and trends of the time?
greatly enriched the cultural life of the court
stimulated important innovations that engaged with continental trends while retaining a distinctively English flavour
By how much did James increase the Privy Council
13 to approx 25- doubled
What range of opinions were displayed in his Council?
- Howards
- counterbalanced by…
- Archbishop Abbot, Edward Coke etc.
What views did Coke and his fellows hold in James’ Council?
- advocated a protestant anti-spanish foreign policy, and cooperation with parliament
What views did the Howard’s hold?
- howards mistrusted parliament and sought closer relations with Spain
- better treatment of English catholics
How did James carefully maintain power?
Winwood Secretary of State, then 4 months later Suffolk as Lord Treasurer
Why did the Council lose influence?
its expansion made it less efficient as an executive body, so decision making tended to happen more at court.
Who did the Earl of Somerset marry, and how did James support this?
Suffolk’s daughter, Lady Frances Howard
granted permission to divorce the earl of Essex for him- alleged impotency (not true)
What was the relation of Sir Thomas Overbury to Lady Frances and Somerset?
Strongly opposed Lady Frances’ divorce from the Earl of Essex and claimed to have information that may impede it
Which two events ended the ascendancy of the Howard’s?
- Somerset and Lady Frances’ conviction for the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury
- Lord treasurer Suffolk and his wife exposed for large embezzlement of funds
What caused tensions between Coke and James?
Coke’s zealous exposure of dirty linen at court which had brought the earl of Somerset to justice
- James had long distrusted Coke’s vehement defence of the supremacy of common law
What did James do which seemed peculiar but was in fact entirely characteristic, with regard to Coke?
seized opportunity to suspend him from the Privy council in 1616 when he refused to discuss ecclesiastical patronage involving the prerogative, yet recalled him a year later- willingness to hear all points of view
How did James’ Scottish experience prove helpful to managing the English courts?
Extroverted gregarious nature led him to participate fully in court life- expressed in Basilikon Doron, appreciated the crucial political role of close personal relations with the nobility and gentry at court
How did James show a willingness to listen to diverse opinions
In what way was the court of Charles I different to his fathers?
included only his supporters, making it isolated from the politics in the commons
What religious sect dominated Charles’ court?
Catholics and Arminians- detrimental as it was strongly linked to absolutism
In what ways was Charles’ court the same?
court masque was a favourite form of entertainment. often had themes of bringing order to he land, something Charles saw as his role
What pamphlet disdained masques, particularly the role women played in them?
Histrio-matrix, by William Prynne
Which famous artist did Charles own a painting from?
Anthony Van Dyck
