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[Final] STS > STS > Flashcards

STS Flashcards

1
Q

Designed the Harvard Mark 1

A

Howard Aiken

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2
Q

used to make ballistics
calculations during WWII

A

Harvard Mark 1

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2
Q

Designed and built the first Apple
computer

A

Steve Wozniak

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2
Q

invented the printing press

A

Johannes Gutenberg

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3
Q

code-breaking
machine during WWII which contributed
significantly to early computing

A

Enigma machine

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4
Q

Was credited with creating the Enigma

A

Alan Turing

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5
Q

Created first clone, Dolly

A

Professor Sir Ian Wilmut

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6
Q

Social media and the information age
influence human lives through

A
  1. Spread educational material quickly and
    efficiently
  2. Provide companies with a new
    marketing opportunity
  3. Increased global connectivity
  4. Enhance communication speed
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7
Q

Impact of the information age on the
accessibility of information

A

increased information accessibility

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7
Q

Famous hobbyist group in the 1970s
that fueled the early personal computing
movement

A

Homebrew Computer Club

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7
Q

Where the first Apple computer (Apple
1) was showcased

A

Homebrew Computer Club

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8
Q

The machine that became the
foundation of computer science

A

Universal Machine

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9
Q

Potential challenge with information age:

A
  1. Ethical concerns related to data privacy
  2. Increased reliance on technology
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10
Q

Its invention later called the computer

A

Universal Machine

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11
Q

Involves a variety of habits and
communities

A

Ecological diversity

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12
Q

Developed the first powered solar
system for industrial machinery

A

Augustine Mouchot

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13
Q

established to phase out substances
that deplete ozone

A

Montreal Protocol

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14
Q

set in place to reduce the emissions of
greenhouse gases, with the exception
to ozone-depleting substances

A

Kyoto Protocol

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15
Q

an international agreement managing
the movement of living modified
organisms from one country to another.

A

Cartagena Protocol

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16
Q

has direct impact on human health

contributes to a balanced ecosystem
that supports food production and
medicine

A

Biodiversity

17
Q

Gummy substance from camel thorn
that contains melezitose and sucrose

A

Manna

17
Q

How to promote biodiversity conservation?

A
  1. Decrease deforestation
  2. Regulation of use of pesticides
  3. Implement sustainable practices and
    support protected areas
  4. Conservation efforts
18
Q

During the 1800s to 1900s, especially
during the Industrial Revolution,
biomass such as wood and other
organic materials continued to be a
significant source of energy alongside
the increasing use of coal.

A

Energy

19
Q

Derived from opium poppy

Used to relieve severe pain

A

Morphine

20
Q

Developed in the Philippines to address
vitamin A deficiency in Asian countries

A

Golden rice

21
Q

A gene therapy treatment used to treat
severe combined immunodeficiency due
to adenosine deaminase deficiency
(ADA-SCID)

A

Strimvelis

22
Q

Technique of inserting the DNA of
another species into an organism’s DNA
so that organism gains a new trait

Altering DNA of an organism at the
molecular level

A

Genetic Engineering

23
Q

Genetic Engineering main goal?

A

to cure or treat genetic
disorders

24
Q

Primary purpose:
1. to enhance resistance to disease
2. to increase crop yields
3. to decrease vulnerability to pests

A

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

25
Q

The first cloned animal

A sheep

A

Dolly

26
Q

Holds promise for treating genetic
disorders by introducing functional
genes or repairing defective ones within
a patient’s cells

Has impact on inherited genetic
disorders’

A

Gene Therapy

27
Q

The first scientists to genetically modify an
organism by combining genes from 2
different E. coli in 1973

A
  1. Herbert Boyer
  2. Stanley Cohen
28
Q

A field of research and innovation
concerned with building things which are
generally materials and devices on the
scale of atoms and molecules

A

Nanotechnology

29
Q

because it brings together
various fields of science through its
innovations

A

Convergent

30
Q

Development of biological simulation
that destroys cancer cell activities
using drug-bearing nanoparticles

Enhancing diagnostic and
therapeutic techniques at the
molecular level

A

Application of nanotechnology to
medicine

31
Q

Key challenge in the responsible
integration of nanotechnology into
society

A

Lack of interest in scientific
advancements

31
Q

Silicon oxides and aluminum oxides

Have specific nanoporous cage-like
structures that are used as molecular
sieves

A

Zeolites

32
Q

Its development on Earth’s surfaces
controls soil, air, and water
contamination

One breakthrough in agriculture

A

Ultra-small probes

32
Q

Common nano contaminants

A
  1. Battery waste
  2. Silver nanoparticles
  3. Fly ash
33
Q

Cause of thermal inversion

A
  1. Freezing rain or ice storms
  2. Topography or man-made barriers
  3. Pollutants from different sources
34
Q

Contributes to addressing climate
change by encouraging responsible
behaviors and sustainable practices

A

Environment awareness

35
Q

Potential consequences of continued
climate change

A

Rising sea levels
Extreme weather events
Disruptions to ecosystems

36
Q

Affects albedo, which is the ratio of light
reflected by any part of the Earth’s
atmosphere

A

Melting of ice

37
Q

Unusually cold ocean temperature in the
Equatorial Pacific which causes
increased numbers of tropical storms in
the Pacific Ocean.

A

La Niña

38
Q

Unusual warming of surface waters in
the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean

A

El Niño

39
Q

Common greenhouse gases that occurs
naturally

A
  1. CO2 (carbon dioxide)
  2. CH4 (methane)
  3. NOx (nitric oxides, nitrogen dioxide,
    ground-level ozone)
40
Q

Protects life from UV radiation from the
sun

A

Stratospheric ozone

41
Q

Affects the synchronization of pollination
for flowering plants

A

Ground level ozone

[Final] STS (1 decks)

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