Structures of the Respiratory System

Question 1

How many tracts is the respiratory system divided into?

Answer 1

two, one upper and one lower

Question 2

What structures are in the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 2

the nasal cavity, olfactory receptors, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, and trachea

Question 3

What does the mucous membrane do?

Answer 3

creates sticky mucus that lines the membrane and traps pathogens, dust and pollen so they don’t enter the body

Question 4

How many smell receptors do humans have?

Answer 4

12 million

Question 5

What are olfactory receptors?

Answer 5

transmembrane proteins that detect odors and initiate the sense of smell

Question 6

What are the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 6

air-filled cavities that surround the nasal cavity

Question 7

What do the paranasal sinuses do?

Answer 7

they reduce the weight of the skull, produce mucus, and influence voice quality

Question 8

What are the four paranasal sinuses called?

Answer 8

maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal

Question 9

What is the pharynx?

Answer 9

a muscular tube in the middle of your neck that helps you breathe and digest food

Question 10

What is the larynx?

Answer 10

a hollow tube in the middle of your neck, it helps you breathe and make sounds

Question 11

Where is the larynx?

Answer 11

between the pharynx and the trachea

Question 12

How do you speak using the voice box?

Answer 12

air exhaled from the lungs passes through the larynx and vibrates the vocal folds

Question 13

What is the trachea?

Answer 13

a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs

Question 14

What is the trachea’s primary function?

Answer 14

allow passage of inspired and expired air into and out of the lungs

Question 15

What are the structures of the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 15

the lungs, bronchi and bronchioles, the alveoli, and diaphragm

Question 16

What is the double-walled serous membrane that encloses each lung?

Answer 16

the pleura

Question 17

What do the lungs do?

Answer 17

they expand and contract to supply oxygen to tissues all over the body and dispose of carbon dioxide

Question 18

How many lobes are in each lung?

Answer 18

the right lung has 3, the left lung has 2

Question 19

What are the bronchi and bronchioles?

Answer 19

a network of passages that supply the lungs with air

Question 20

What is the sequence of bronchi in the lungs?

Answer 20

the primary bronchi, branching off into smaller bronchi in each lung, branching the smaller bronchi into bronchioles, and finally into terminal bronchioles that conduct air to the alveoli

Question 21

Where are the alveoli located?

Answer 21

at the end of each bronchiole

Question 22

What happens in the alveoli?

Answer 22

this is where the lungs and blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide when we breathe in and breathe out

Question 23

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 23

a muscular sheet between the base of the lungs and th abdominal cavity that contracts to help make breathing possible