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DT > Structures > Flashcards

Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What are composite beams

A

When a light core material is in between 2 stronger skin materials

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2
Q

What are composite beams used in

A

Aircraft floor panelling

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3
Q

What is a reaction

A

An upward force applied to a beam resting on structures

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4
Q

What is reaction force exerted by

A

Foundations
Columns
Walls

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5
Q

What is static equilibrium

A

Downward force is equal to reaction force

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6
Q

What is the symbol for reaction force

A

R1 and R2

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7
Q

What is the symbol for downward force

A

F1

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8
Q

How do you calculate downward force

A

F1 = R1 + R2

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9
Q

What is the unit of uniform load

A

N/m

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10
Q

Uniform loads are assumed to act all the way along the beam

A

No answer

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11
Q

What is a moment

A

A turning force

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12
Q

Examples of moments

A

Levers
Spanner’s
Door handles

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13
Q

How do you calculate the size of a moment?

A

Size of moment = force x distance
M = F x d

M= Nm 
F = N
d = m
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14
Q

It is common for loads on a beam to be non symmetrical

A

No answer

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15
Q

What do you need to assume to apply the principle of moments

A

The beam is free to turn around reaction points due to load and reaction forces

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16
Q

2 types of properties of metals:

A

Physical

Mechanical

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17
Q

Material properties

A

Tension and compression
Corrosion resistant
Light
Aesthetic

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18
Q

Examples of combined materials

A

Reinforced concrete

Plywood

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19
Q

What is tensile strength

A

The ability to withstand pulling forces

20
Q

What is compressive strength

A

Ability to withstand squeezing forces

21
Q

What is torsional strength

A

Ability to withstand a twisting force

22
Q

What is bending strength

A

Ability to withstand deflection

23
Q

What is hardness

A

Ability to withstand scratching or wear

24
Q

What is elasticity

A

The ability to deform under force and return to original shape

25
Q

What is thoughness

A

Ability to absorb energy and deform without fracturing

26
Q

What is structural testing?

A

Ability to test strength and deflection of structural parts

27
Q

Common devices used in structural testing

A

Dial and strain gauges

28
Q

What are dial gauges used for

A

Measuring small deflections in beams and structural members

29
Q

The dial gauge must touch the item it’s testing

A

No answer

30
Q

Common places to test with dial gauge

A
  • end of a cantilever

- centre of a beam supported at both ends

31
Q

What are strain gauges

A

Small electronic devices used in industry and research for measurement.

It is a foil with 2 electrical connections on an insulated backing

32
Q

What is a strain gauge used in?

A

Load cells
Torque meters
Extensometers

33
Q

What is a strain gauge often used to measure?

A

Bridges and buildings

34
Q

What are joints used for

A

Joining members

Allowing structures to be more portable

Carrying loads without breaking

35
Q

What are metal joint made with

A 
Brazing
Soldering
Welding
Machine screws
Rivets
36
Q

What is brazing

A

Joining 2 materials by melting filler in between them

37
Q

What quality must the filler have in brazing

A

Low melting point

38
Q

What 2 methods of soldering are there

A

Soft- permanent joints + used in electronic circuits

Hard- for stronger joints

39
Q

What is welding

A

Metal parts are melted and fuse together as they cool

A filler rod if always used

40
Q

What is riveting used for

A

Joining metals, plastics etc

41
Q

How does riveting work

A

A rivet is placed in a drilled hole and shaped via hammering

42
Q

Common type of riveting

A

POP riveting is used to join thin sheets of metal

43
Q

What is tension

A

Pulling

44
Q

What is compression

A

Squeezing

45
Q

How do you calculate the strain

A

Change in length/ original length

46
Q

Strain has no unit

A

No answer

47
Q

How do you calculate stress

A

Stress =Force/cross sectional area

Stress is N/m2
Cross sectional area = m2
Force = N

DT (2 decks)

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