Structures

Question 1

What are composite beams

Answer 1

When a light core material is in between 2 stronger skin materials

Question 2

What are composite beams used in

Answer 2

Aircraft floor panelling

Question 3

What is a reaction

Answer 3

An upward force applied to a beam resting on structures

Question 4

What is reaction force exerted by

Answer 4

Foundations
Columns
Walls

Question 5

What is static equilibrium

Answer 5

Downward force is equal to reaction force

Question 6

What is the symbol for reaction force

Answer 6

R1 and R2

Question 7

What is the symbol for downward force

Answer 7

F1

Question 8

How do you calculate downward force

Answer 8

F1 = R1 + R2

Question 9

What is the unit of uniform load

Answer 9

N/m

Question 10

Uniform loads are assumed to act all the way along the beam

Answer 10

No answer

Question 11

What is a moment

Answer 11

A turning force

Question 12

Examples of moments

Answer 12

Levers
Spanner’s
Door handles

Question 13

How do you calculate the size of a moment?

Answer 13

Size of moment = force x distance
M = F x d

M= Nm 
F = N
d = m

Question 14

It is common for loads on a beam to be non symmetrical

Answer 14

No answer

Question 15

What do you need to assume to apply the principle of moments

Answer 15

The beam is free to turn around reaction points due to load and reaction forces

Question 16

2 types of properties of metals:

Answer 16

Physical

Mechanical

Question 17

Material properties

Answer 17

Tension and compression
Corrosion resistant
Light
Aesthetic

Question 18

Examples of combined materials

Answer 18

Reinforced concrete

Plywood

Question 19

What is tensile strength

Answer 19

The ability to withstand pulling forces

Question 20

What is compressive strength

Answer 20

Ability to withstand squeezing forces

Question 21

What is torsional strength

Answer 21

Ability to withstand a twisting force

Question 22

What is bending strength

Answer 22

Ability to withstand deflection

Question 23

What is hardness

Answer 23

Ability to withstand scratching or wear

Question 24

What is elasticity

Answer 24

The ability to deform under force and return to original shape

Question 25

What is thoughness

Answer 25

Ability to absorb energy and deform without fracturing

Question 26

What is structural testing?

Answer 26

Ability to test strength and deflection of structural parts

Question 27

Common devices used in structural testing

Answer 27

Dial and strain gauges

Question 28

What are dial gauges used for

Answer 28

Measuring small deflections in beams and structural members

Question 29

The dial gauge must touch the item it’s testing

Answer 29

No answer

Question 30

Common places to test with dial gauge

Answer 30

- end of a cantilever | - centre of a beam supported at both ends

Question 31

What are strain gauges

Answer 31

Small electronic devices used in industry and research for measurement. It is a foil with 2 electrical connections on an insulated backing

Question 32

What is a strain gauge used in?

Answer 32

Load cells Torque meters Extensometers

Question 33

What is a strain gauge often used to measure?

Answer 33

Bridges and buildings

Question 34

What are joints used for

Answer 34

Joining members Allowing structures to be more portable Carrying loads without breaking

Question 35

What are metal joint made with

Answer 35

``` Brazing Soldering Welding Machine screws Rivets ```

Question 36

What is brazing

Answer 36

Joining 2 materials by melting filler in between them

Question 37

What quality must the filler have in brazing

Answer 37

Low melting point

Question 38

What 2 methods of soldering are there

Answer 38

Soft- permanent joints + used in electronic circuits Hard- for stronger joints

Question 39

What is welding

Answer 39

Metal parts are melted and fuse together as they cool A filler rod if always used

Question 40

What is riveting used for

Answer 40

Joining metals, plastics etc

Question 41

How does riveting work

Answer 41

A rivet is placed in a drilled hole and shaped via hammering

Question 42

Common type of riveting

Answer 42

POP riveting is used to join thin sheets of metal

Question 43

What is tension

Answer 43

Pulling

Question 44

What is compression

Answer 44

Squeezing

Question 45

How do you calculate the strain

Answer 45

Change in length/ original length

Question 46

Strain has no unit

Answer 46

No answer

Question 47

How do you calculate stress

Answer 47

Stress =Force/cross sectional area Stress is N/m2 Cross sectional area = m2 Force = N