Structures

Question 0

Brain stem

Answer 0

Lower Portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord. Includes pons and medulla oblongata

Question 1

Axon

Answer 1

Microscopic fiber that carries nervous impulse along nerve cell

Question 2

Central nervous system

Answer 2

Brain and the spinal cord

Question 3

Cerebellum

Answer 3

Posterior part of brain that coordinates muscle movement and maintains balance

Question 4

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 4

Circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord

Question 5

Cerebral cortex

Answer 5

Outer region of cerebrum, containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of brain

Question 6

Cerebrum

Answer 6

Largest part of brain, responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory

Question 7

Cranial nerves

Answer 7

12 pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain with regard to the head and neck

Question 8

Ganglion

Answer 8

Collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system

Question 9

Hypothalamus

Answer 9

Portion of brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secretions from pituitary gland

Question 10

Medulla oblongata

Answer 10

Part of brain above spinal cord, controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here

Question 11

Meninges

Answer 11

Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

Question 12

Myelin sheath

Answer 12

Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell. Myelin speeds impulse conduction along axons

Question 13

Neuron

Answer 13

Nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body

Question 14

Neurotransmitter

Answer 14

Chemical messenger released at end of a nerve cell. Stimulates or inhibits another cell (nerve,muscle, or gland cell) example: acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin

Question 15

Parasympathetic nerves

Answer 15

Involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such as heart rate, breathing, and muscles of gastrointestinal tract

Question 16

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 16

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; cranial, spinal, and autonomic nerves

Question 17

Spinal nerves

Answer 17

Thirty one pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord

Question 18

Sympathetic nerves

Answer 18

Autonomic nerves that influence bodily functions involuntary in times of stress

Question 19

Synapse

Answer 19

Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells

Question 20

Thalamus

Answer 20

Main relay center of brain. Conducts impulses between spinal cord and cerebrum; incoming sensory messages are relayed through thalamus to appropriate centers in cerebrum

Question 21

Ventricles (brain)

Answer 21

Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid