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Geography - Structure of the Earth > Structure of the Earth > Flashcards

Structure of the Earth Flashcards

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1
Q

What shape is the earth?

A

Spheroid (shaped like a ball, slightly flattened at the top and bottom)

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2
Q

What are the 3 levels that the earth is made up of?

A

The Crust
The Mantle
The Core

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3
Q

What is the outermost and thinnest layer?

A

The crust

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4
Q

What is the crust made of

A

Hard rock

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5
Q

How thick is the crust?

A

6KM

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6
Q

Where is it thinnest?

A

Under the ocean

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7
Q

Where is it thickest?

A

Under tall mountains

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8
Q

What is the approximate temperature?

A

1200 degrees celsius

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9
Q

What is the Moho?

A

Boundary between mantle & crust

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10
Q

How thick is the mantle?

A

2900km

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11
Q

Where do you find the mantle?

A

Between the crust and the core

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12
Q

What is the top layer of the mantle made?

A

Hard rock

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13
Q

What are the remaining layers made of?

A

Semi-molten rock

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14
Q

What do temps of 5000 deg C cause?

A

Convection current (circular movement of material to move rock in the mantle)

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15
Q

What is the central part of the earth?

A

The Core

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16
Q

How thick is the core?

A

3400km

17
Q

Describe the 2 sections of the core.

A

Outer Core – molten 2000km
Inner Core – solid 1400km

18
Q

What is the core probably made of?

A

Minerals – Iron and Nickel

19
Q

Temperature of the Core?

A

5500 degrees C

20
Q

Other than the temp what is also high in the core?

A

Pressure

21
Q

What do the high temps in the Core cause?

A

Convection current (circular movement of material to move rock in the mantle)

22
Q

What are the giant slabs or pieces called that make up the earth’s surface?

A

Plates

23
Q

How wide can these be?

A

Thousands of km

24
Q

What is it called when two tectonic plates bump each other?

A

Earthquakes

25
Q

What provides the energy that causes plates to move in the crust?

A

Convection currents in the rock move through the mantle

26
Q

What is plate tectonics?

A

Movement of plates

27
Q

What is divergent movement?

A

When plates move away from one another in opposite directions.

28
Q

Example of Divergent movement?

A

South American plates and African plates

29
Q

What happens when 2 plates move aways from one another?

A

New land is constructed on the crust

30
Q

What convergent movement?

A

When the plates move toward each other

31
Q

Example of convergent movement?

A

The Eurasian plates and the pacific plate

32
Q

What is the result of convergent movement?

A

Land is lost or destroyed as one plate moves under the other back into the mantle

33
Q

What is transform movement?

A

When two plates slide past eachother

34
Q

What is an example of transform movement?

A

North American Plate at San Andreas Fault

Geography - Structure of the Earth (1 decks)

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