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Geography Grd. 7 Term 1 And 2 > Structure Of The Earth > Flashcards

Structure Of The Earth Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Earth’s diameter?

A

Around 12 756 km

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2
Q

How many layers is the Earth made up of?

A

Three main layers

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3
Q

What are the main layers that the Earth is made up of?

A

The core
The mantle
The crust

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4
Q

What is the core?

A

The innermost layer of the Earth

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5
Q

What 2 parts is the core divided into?

A

The inner core and the outer core

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6
Q

Where is the inner core?

A

At the centre

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7
Q

True or false? The inner core is the second hottest part of the Earth.

A

False. It is THE hottest part of the Earth

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8
Q

What temperature is it in the inner core?

A

Up to 5 500°C

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9
Q

What state of matter is the inner core?

A

It is solid

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10
Q

What is the inner core made up of?

A

Iron and nickel

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11
Q

How thick is the inner core?

A

1 220 km thick

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12
Q

Where is the outer core?

A

It surrounds the inner core

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13
Q

What state of matter is the outer core?

A

It is a liquid

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14
Q

What is the outer core made up of?

A

Also iron and nickel

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15
Q

True or false? The outer core is much cooler than the inner core but is still hotter than your average microwave.

A

False. The outer core reaches similar temperatures to the inner core

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16
Q

How thick is the outer core?

A

About 2 250 km thick

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17
Q

Where is the mantle?

A

Between the crust and the core

18
Q

True or false? The core is the widest section of the Earth followed by the mantle and lastly the crust.

A

False. The mantle is the widest section of the Earth followed by the core and lastly the crust

19
Q

How thick is the mantle?

A

About 2 900 km thick

20
Q

What two layers is the mantle made up of?

A

The upper mantle
The lower mantle

21
Q

How thick is the upper mantle?

A

670 km thick

22
Q

How does the upper mantle compare to the rest of the mantle?

A

It is weak in comparison and bends and flows under pressure

23
Q

What state of matter is the upper mantel?

A

It is semi-molten

24
Q

What temperature is the upper mantle?

A

Between 500 and 900°C

25
Q

What is the upper mantle made up of?

A

Minerals rich in iron, silica, magnesium and oxygen

26
Q

What does semi-molten mean?

A

Half way between a solid and a liquid

27
Q

Where is the upper mantle?

A

At the upper boundary with the crust

28
Q

Where is the lower mantle?

A

At the boundary with the core

29
Q

How thick is the lower mantle?

A

About 2 230 km thick

30
Q

What state of matter is the lower mantle?

A

Solid

31
Q

What temperature is the lower mantle?

A

Over 4 000°C

32
Q

What is the lower mantle made up of?

A

Minerals rich in iron, silica, magnesium and oxygen

33
Q

Where is the crust?

A

It os the outer layer of the Earth

34
Q

How deep is the crust?

A

In ranges from 5 to 70 km and has variable thickness

35
Q

What is the thin part of the crust?

A

The oceanic crust

36
Q

Which is denser? The oceanic crust or the continental crust?

A

The oceanic crust

37
Q

What is the oceanic crust made up of?

A

Mainly igneous rock, rich in iron and magnesium

38
Q

Where and how thick is the oceanic crust?

A

It forms the surface of the ocean basins and is between 5 and 10 km thick

39
Q

What is the thicker crust?

A

The continental crust

40
Q

What is the continental crust made up of?

A

Mainly granite rock, rich in feldspar with quartz and silica

41
Q

Where and how thick is the continental crust?

A

It forms the surface pf the continents and the shallow seabed near their shores. It is 35 to 70 km thick in the continents

Geography Grd. 7 Term 1 And 2 (5 decks)

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