structure of the brain Flashcards
function of frontal lobe
-decision making, reasoning, consciousness of emotion, planning (higher brain functions)
-forming associations
-ideas
-includes the primary motor cortex
occipital lobe
processing info from eyes
parietal
orientation, movement, calculation & some recognition and memory
temporal
processes auditory info
cerebellum
coordinates muscle movement, balance (coordination of many muscles like muscles like eyes and semicircular canals in ears)
medulla oblongata
contains coordination centres that control specific functions
-cardiac centre controls heart rate
-respiratory centre controls breathing rate
controls involuntary actions
motor cortexes
primary cortex?
hypothalymus
-helps maintain homeostatis
-monitors blood, based on what it detects releases hormones or stimulates the neighbouring pituitary gland to release hormones
what is the corpus calosum
tissue/band of nerve fibres that separates the hemispheres
which side of the body does the right hemisphere control?
the left side
cerebrum
-controls voluntary actions
speech, vision, memory, problem solving
-80% total mass of the brain
how does the frontal lobe form associations?
combining info from the rest of the cortex
primary motor cortex
-contained in frontal lobe
-contains neurones that’re connected directly to the spinal chord and BRAIN STEM and from the sc and bs to the muscles
-sends info to the body via motor neurones to carry out movements
-the motor cortex also stores info on how to carry out diff movements
pituitary gland
what is the thin outer layer of the cerebrum called and what does it consist of
cerebral cortex or grey matter
consists of cell bodies of neurones
why is this layer being highly folded important
higher surface area so more neurones can be contained
more connections can be made
allows brain to carry out complex behaviours
what is beneath the cerebral cortex and what does it consist of
white matter
consists of myelinated axons of neurones
functions of the hypothalamus
-regulates body temp
-osmoregulation
cells in hypothalamus monitor water balance in blood and releases hormone ADH if blood gets too concentrated
-regulating digestive activity
-controlling endochrine functions
what does the hormone ADH do?
increases absorption of water in the kidneys
