Structure Of The Atom + Ions

Question 1

Relative mass of a proton

Answer 1

1

Question 2

Relative charge of a proton

Answer 2

+1

Question 3

Relative mass of a neutron

Answer 3

1

Question 4

Relative charge of a neutron

Answer 4

0

Question 5

Relative mass of an electron

Answer 5

1/2000

Question 6

Relative charge of an electron

Answer 6

-1

Question 7

Mass number

Answer 7

Number of proton and number of neutrons

Question 8

Atomic number

Answer 8

Number of protons (=number of electrons in neutral atom)

Question 9

When is an ion formed

Answer 9

As ion is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons and becomes charged

Question 10

Ions have lost or gained electrons, what do they have?

Answer 10

An overall charge

Question 11

Positive ions

Answer 11

Cat ions

Question 12

Negative ions

Answer 12

Anions

Question 13

The electrons are __________ from one atom to another

Answer 13

Transferred

Question 14

Oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other, what is the attraction?

Answer 14

Ionic bond

Question 15

What is the difference between the electron structure of ions and noble gas atoms?

Answer 15

The noble gas atoms have the same electron structure as the ions. They both have a full outer shell.

Question 16

Three properties of ionic substances:

Answer 16

• ionic bonding produces oppositely charged ions which are held together by electrostatic attraction
• the attraction acts in all direction, so the ions are held in a 3D lattice
• there are many strong bonds to break which needs lots of energy, so ionic compounds have a high melting point.

Question 17

Ionic compound conductivity in a solid

Answer 17

Ionic compounds cannot conduct when a solid because the ions are fixed in the lattice and cannot move.

Question 18

Ionic compound conductivity in a molten or aqueous solution

Answer 18

When melted or dissolved, the ions can move and conduct electricity.
+ions move to negative terminal
-ions move to positive terminal