Structure of Matter Flashcards
If two atoms have the same “Z” number, but different “A” numbers, they are usually referred to as…
Isotopes
The number of protons that are contained in the nucleus of an atom is normally referred to as the…
Atomic number
The energy by which an electron is attracted to the nucleus of an atom is often referred to as…
Binding energy
The smallest subdivision of a substance having the characteristic properties of that substance is known as a/an…
Molecule
The particles in an atom that are responsible for the atom being that specific atom are the…
Protons
What electron shells has the greatest amount of binding energy?
Inner shell
What is responsible for an atom entering into a chemical reaction?
Outer shell electrons
In order to be chemically stable, an atom must have how many electrons in it’s outer shell?
8
Chemical combinations are formed when different atoms are bonded together. What are common types of chemical bonds?
Ionic
Covalent
The smallest particle of an element that has the same properties of that element and cannot be further divided by ordinary means is an…
Atom
What is binding energy?
The strength of attachment of an electron to the nucleus
What is the name of the number of electrons lost, gained, or shared by an atom in chemical combination?
Valence
Outer shell electrons are responsible for an atom entering into a chemical reaction. T/F
True
The electrons of an atom orbit the atom in imaginary layers called…
Shells
When an atom is ionized, it has either gained or lost…
An electron
A neutral atom has equal numbers of…
Protons & Electrons
The total number of particles in the nucleus of an atom is referred to as the…
Mass number
Assuming an atom has an electron shell “S”, what is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy this shell?
162
What do all the elements in group III of the periodic table have in common?
They all have 3 electrons in their outer shell
What do all the elements in period III of the periodic table have in common?
They all have 3 electron energy levels
Atoms with the same mass number, but different atomic numbers are called…
Isobars
Ionization is the process of converting…
Atoms to ions
What are types of ionization?
- Thermionic emission
- A stream of electrons striking matter
- A stream of gamma rays striking matter
You are standing on the roof of a building with a rock in your hand. You hold the rock over the ledge of the roof. At this point in time, what type of energy does the rock possess?
Potential
