Structure of Heart Flashcards
what is the muscle in the thick muscular layer of the heart called
the cardiac muscle
what are the properties of the cardiac muscle
- myogenic > can contract and relax without nervous or hormonal stimulation
- never fatigues as long as it has an oxygen supply
where are the coronary arteries and what do they do
they branch off the aorta and they surround the cardiac muscle and they supply the muscle with oxygenated blood
how does the cardiac muscle receive its oxygen
the coronary arteries branch off the aorta and wrap around the cardiac muscle carrying oxygenated blood
what is a myocardial infarction
heart attack
how is a myocardial infarction (heart attack) caused
blockage in arteries > oxygenated blood isnt supplied to a region of the muscle meaning the cells can no longer respire and will die
describe the atria
thinner muscular wall
elastic walls > to stretch when blood enters
describe the ventricles
thicker muscular walls to enable bigger contraction
where do the atria pump blood to
the ventricles
what are the valves which allow blood to flow from the atria to the ventricles called
atrioventricular valves
where does blood flow to from the ventricles
through the aorta and pulmonary artery o the rest of the body
what are the valves that enable flow room ventricles to aorta and pulmonary artery called
semilunar valves
what are the differences between the right and left ventricles
RIGHT:
- pumps deoxy blood to the lungs
- lower pressure
- thinner, less muscular walls
LEFT:
- pump oxy blood to the rest of the body
- higher pressure
- thicker, muscular walls
where do veINs take blood
into the heart
what are the two veins connected to the heart and what do they do
vena cava > carries deoxy blood from body into right atrium
pulmonary vein > carries oxy blood from the lungs to the left atrium
