Structure of Brain Flashcards
What is the two directions of the cerebrum
Rostral and Caudal
Three different structures of cerebrum
- Gyrus
- Sulcus
- Fissure
Three types of sulcus
- Central sulcus
- Parietal-occipital sulcus
- Lateral sulcus
What is gray matter and white matter
Gray matter: neutrons cell body, de dries,asso sister glow and BV
(Fee myelinated fivers)
White: Myelinated givers
- Association
- Commissural
- Projection
Structure of cerebrum
4 lobes
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Temporal
- Occipital
Frontal lobe function
- Influence personality
2. Judgement, social behaviour and motor movement
Temporal lobe function
Contrail hearing
Memory
Parietal lobe function
Principal centre for reception and interaction of sensation
Occipital lobe function
Visual stimulation
Three function area
- Motor area (voluntary movement)
- Sensory area (conscious awareness)
- Association area (integration)
Motor areas
- Primary motor cortex
- Broca’s area
- Premptor cortex
- Frontal eye field
Function or Broca’s area
upper region of human body
- Articulation of speech,
Impulse to premotor regions (control larynx,pharynx, mouth) - Impulse to primary motor cortex
(Breath muscle control -> regulate flow and vocal cord) - Coordinate contraction of the speech and breathing muscle
Wernicke’s area function
Interprets word meanings, translate words into thought
Left temporal
Frontal eye field area
Voluntary scanning movement of the eye
Primary motor area (precentral gyrus)
Function
-Allow conscious control of precise,
Skilled voluntary works
Premotor area function
- sensation association
- with learning motor for complex and sequential nature
- memory bank for activity
- control for frontal eye field area
Sensation characteristics
- Somatosensory hominculus
( body have higher sensory neurons) - Primary sensory area(postcentral gyrus)
- for touch,pressure,vibration,itch,tickle,pain,termpreature,propriocetion)
- involve perception
- exhibits spatial discrimination
Sensorimotor homunculi meanings
- Our body is mapped on primary motor cortex and somatosensory cortex
- it’s disproportionate representations of the body
Association areas
- Areas not involves in primary or motor
- Higher mental function
Prefrontal cortex function
-intellect , complex learning( cognition)
Recall, personality
- working memory, for abstract idea , judgment ,
Reasoning, persistence, planning
Association areas
Cerebral cortex: Integration of sensory and motor
Somatosensory association cortex; shape texture
Visual association area
Auditory association areas: recognised sound, speech, noise , music
Wernickes area; interprets word meanings, translate thought
Integrative area: formation of thought
Ventricles and cerebrospinal fluid
Ventricles: within cerebral hemispheres and brain stem
CSF: buoyancy(1500 -> 50g), protective, nutritive and chemically
- 500ml per day
- constantly reabsorption
- filtration of blood
- clear and colourless
- secreted by choroid plexuses
What is diencephalic function
Thalamus and hypothalamus
Function of hypothalamus and thalamus
- For sorting and directing sensory information
- Endocrine system with the nervous system
Lim if system
- Centre of emotion learning
- Cingulate gyrus
- Amygdala: sensation of pleasure or fear
- Hippocampus: formation of memories
Basal neclei
- caudate nucleus
- putamen
- globules Pallidus
Functions
- reward system
- subconscious control of skeletal muscle
- coordination of learned movement and pattern
Brain stem
Consisting of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
Midbrain
Located between the diencephalon and pons, serve as reflex centers: eye,heart movement
-centers for auditory and visual reflexes
Pons
Transmits impulses for regulate the raw and depth of breathing
Medulla Oblongata
- Transmission of all ascending and descending impulses
- House nuclei that control heart rate, the vasomotor center, respiratory center, rate of depth of breathing
