Structure Of An Atom -part2-

Question 1

Means of Atomic Number?

Answer 1

Number of proton in nucleus.

Question 2

Means of Mass Number?

Answer 2

Number of Proton + Number of Neutrons

Question 3

Means of Isotopes?

Answer 3

Atom of an element with the same number of proton but different number of neutrons.

Question 4

Components Number of Electron [4]

Answer 4

-an atom is neutral
-the net charge is zero
-number of proton = number of electrons
-atomic number = number of electrons

Question 5

Electronic structure of an atom [4]

Answer 5

-electron surrounding the nucleus are distributed in shells or specific energy level,n with discrete amount of energy.
-electrons are free to move between these shells.
-shells are devided into subshells
-electron are grouped into orbitals

Question 6

Distance of Nucleus from top to bottom.

Answer 6

From top to bottom, distance from nucleus increase.

Question 7

Energy Level from top to bottom.

Answer 7

From top to bottom, energy level increase.

Question 8

Energy level from left to right.

Answer 8

From left to right, energy level increase.

Question 9

Name of the subshells [4]

Answer 9

-s
-p
-d
-f

Question 10

Maximum number of electrons in the subshells.

Answer 10

s= 2
p= 6
d=10
f= 14

Question 11

Ways to describe electron arrangement in an atom [3]

Answer 11

-dart board
-orbital diagram
-spdf notation/electron configuration

Question 12

Three rules for assigning electrons to orbitals of an atom in ground state [3]

Answer 12

-Aufbau Principle
-Paulli Exclusion Principle
-Hund’s Rule

Question 13

Definition of Aufbau Principle [4]

Answer 13

-electrons occupy orbitals in order of lowest energy level first
-subshells are filled starting with lowest energy level
-lowest energy level is 1s
-each orbital filled by a maximum of 2 electrons only.

Question 14

Energy Level According to Aufbau

Answer 14

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4d, 5s

Question 15

State subshells and maximum electron filled. in the orbitals

Answer 15

s-2
p-6
d-10
f-14

Question 16

Definition of Paulli Exclusion Principle [1]

Answer 16

-state that only 2 electron with opposite spin may accupy the same orbital

Question 17

State the direction of the electrons

Answer 17

-left electron is clockwise
-right electron is anticlockwise

Question 18

Definition of Hund,s Rule [2]

Answer 18

-each orbital will fill with one electron of parallel spin before the occupy the orbitals in pair.
-an atoms tends to have as many unpaired electron as possible

Question 19

State spdf Notation group in Periodic Table

Answer 19

s group- 1A, 2A,
p group-3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A (exclude He)
d group-3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 8B, 1B, 2B (transition element)

Question 20

State Function of each 3 Rules

Answer 20

-Aufbau Principle for Energy Level
-Paulli Exclusion Principle for opposite spin
-Hund’s Rule for order of filling in orbitals