Structure Of An Atom Flashcards
Atom
The smallest unit of matter that retain the properties of the elements in question
Subatomic Particles
What atoms are composed of.
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
True or False:
Protons are positively charged.
True
What charge do neutrons have?
They have a neutral charge
Electrons:
Where are they located and what is there charge?
Located in the outer shell of an atom and carry a negative charge
Two or more aromas with an incomplete outer electron shell can be joined together to form a stable: _______________
Molecule
Compound
Two are more different atoms are joined.
Two types of bonds form molecules and compounds. What are they?
- ) Covalent Bond
2. ) Ionic Bond
Covalent Bond
Sharing electrons to form a full outer electron shell
Ionic Bond
Involves one or more atom donating electrons to other atoms to form stable outer electron shells for all atoms involved
When an atom of a compound joined by ionic bonds give up or gain electrons and becomes positively or negatively charged when placed in a solution, the result is called an: _____
Ion
Where do they play a role?
Neutrons and Muscle Cells (Electrically Excitable)
Chemical Reactions
Making and breaking of bonds between atoms to store or release energy
Reactant or Substrate:
Starting substances of a chemical reaction
Product
Is the substance result
Metabolism
The sun of all biochemical reactions
What are the two main types of metabolism?
- ) Anabolic Reaction
2. ) Catabolic Reaction
Anabolic Reaction:
Require energy to combine monomers into polymers
Dehydration Synthesis
An example of an anabolic Reaction:
Polymer is built by joining together with a removal of a molecule
Catabolic Reaction
Energy is released when complex molecules are broken down to create simple molecules
Hydrolysis
Water added to break bonds between subunits
Inorganic Compound
Small molecules:
Organic Compounds
Larger molecules
Building blocks of living organisms
Polar Substance
Dissolves in water (hydrophilic)
Non polar molecules
Do not dissolve in water (hydrophobic)
Ex. Butter
Monosaccharides
Monomer of a carbohydrates (form of sugar)
Disaccharide
Another form of sugar, but contains starch or glycogen
Glycogen
Polymer composed of smaller monomers of glucose
Lipids
Fat;
Insoluble in water
Triglycerides
Waxed, fats and oils
- Sources of stored energy
Phospholipid
Major component of cell membrane. Selectively permeable
