Structure of an Atom

Question 0

Inorganic

Answer 0

• Compounds derived from minerals

- lacking vital force

Question 1

Organic

Answer 1

• compounds derived from living organisms
• contain unmeasurable vital force
• essence of life

Question 2

What is organic chemistry?

Answer 2

The study of how organic compounds react

Question 3

Organic Compounds

Answer 3

Compounds that contain carbon

Question 4

Carbon

Answer 4

• center of second row of elements
• atoms to left have tendency to give up electrons
• atoms to right have tendency to accept electrons

Question 5

Bonds

Answer 5

• when 2 atoms share electrons

Question 6

How are bonds broken?

Answer 6

When 2 atoms no longer share electrons

Question 7

Structure of an Atom

Answer 7

• Consists of a tiny dense nucleus surrounded by electrons that are spread throughout a relatively large volume of space around the nucleus

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

Contains:

• positively charged protons
• neutral neurons
• negatively charged electrons

Question 9

Mass

Answer 9

• Protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass
• About 1800 times more massive than an electron
• Most of the mass of an atom is in its nucleus
• Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by its electrons

Question 10

Atomic number

Answer 10

• Equals the number of protons in nucleus
• Also, the number of electrons that surrounds the nucleus of a neutral atom
• Example: the __ of carbon is 6 means that a neutral carbon atom has 6 protons and 6 electrons

Question 11

Atomic Mass Number

Answer 11

• The sum of particles (protons and neutrons) in an atoms nucleus

Question 12

Isotopes

Answer 12

• Elements that have the same atomic number (i.e.,the same number of protons),but different mass numbers because they have different numbers of neutrons
• For example, 98.89% of naturally occurring carbon atoms have six neutrons—giving them a mass number of 12—and 1.11% have seven neutrons—giving them a mass number of 13. These two different kinds of carbon atoms (12C and 13C) are called “________.”
• The atomic weight for Carbon is 12.01 because around 99% of all carbon is the carbon-12 isotope. 1% is the cabon-13 isotope

Question 13

Atomic Weight

Answer 13

• The average weighted mass of its atoms

Question 14

How to find the number of neutrons in an isotope

Answer 14

A) identify atomic number
B) identify mass number of isotope
C) B - A = number of neutrons