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9th Chemistry > Structure Of An Atom > Flashcards

Structure Of An Atom Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basic unit of matter?

A

Atom

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2
Q

True or False: Atoms can be divided into smaller particles.

A

True

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3
Q

What are the three main subatomic particles?

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.

A

protons and neutrons

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5
Q

What is the charge of a proton?

A

Positive

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6
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

Negative

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7
Q

What is the mass of a neutron compared to a proton?

A

Approximately equal

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8
Q

True or False: Electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.

A

False

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9
Q

What determines the identity of an element?

A

The number of protons in its nucleus

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10
Q

What is the atomic number of an element?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom is called its ______.

A

mass number

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12
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

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13
Q

True or False: Isotopes of an element have different chemical properties.

A

False

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14
Q

What is the main difference between the Bohr model and the Rutherford model of the atom?

A

The Bohr model includes quantized energy levels for electrons.

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15
Q

What are energy levels in an atom?

A

Regions where electrons are likely to be found

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16
Q

What is an electron cloud?

A

The area around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found

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17
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level?

A

2

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18
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second energy level?

A

8

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19
Q

True or False: The outermost electrons are referred to as valence electrons.

A

True

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20
Q

What is the significance of valence electrons?

A

They determine an atom’s chemical properties and bonding behavior.

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21
Q

What is the symbol for the element Carbon?

A

C

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22
Q

What is the atomic mass of Carbon?

A

Approximately 12 atomic mass units (amu)

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ model describes the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons.

A

Rutherford

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24
Q

What is the principle of quantization in the Bohr model?

A

Electrons exist in specific energy levels and can transition between them.

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25
Q

What is the term for an atom that has gained or lost electrons?

A

Ion

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26
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positively charged ion

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27
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negatively charged ion

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28
Q

True or False: The atomic mass is the average mass of all isotopes of an element.

A

True

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29
Q

What is the significance of the periodic table?

A

It organizes elements based on increasing atomic number and similar properties.

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30
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the region of space around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found.

A

electron cloud

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31
Q

What is the relationship between atomic number and chemical behavior?

A

The atomic number determines the element’s identity and its chemical behavior.

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32
Q

What is the main concept of Dalton’s atomic theory?

A

All matter is made up of indivisible atoms.

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33
Q

True or False: Atoms of different elements can combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds.

A

True

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34
Q

What does the term ‘atomic mass unit’ (amu) refer to?

A

A unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights.

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35
Q

What is the electron configuration for Oxygen (O)?

A

1s² 2s² 2p⁴

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36
Q

What is the valency of an element?

A

The combining capacity of an element, based on the number of electrons it can gain, lose, or share.

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37
Q

What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?

A

A molecule can be made of the same or different elements, while a compound is made of different elements.

38
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the central part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons.

A

nucleus

39
Q

What is the significance of the neutron in an atom?

A

Neutrons contribute to the mass of the atom and help stabilize the nucleus.

40
Q

True or False: Electrons have a much greater mass than protons.

A

False

41
Q

What defines a chemical reaction at the atomic level?

A

The rearrangement of atoms to form new substances.

42
Q

What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?

A

It states that the position and momentum of an electron cannot both be precisely determined at the same time.

43
Q

What is a photon?

A

A quantum of light or electromagnetic radiation.

44
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers.

A

Pauli exclusion

45
Q

What is the shape of an s orbital?

A

Spherical

46
Q

What is the shape of a p orbital?

A

Dumbbell-shaped

47
Q

What is the basic unit of matter?

A

Atom

48
Q

True or False: Atoms can be divided into smaller particles.

A

True

49
Q

What are the three main subatomic particles?

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

50
Q

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.

A

protons and neutrons

51
Q

What is the charge of a proton?

A

Positive

52
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

Negative

53
Q

What is the mass of a neutron compared to a proton?

A

Approximately equal

54
Q

True or False: Electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.

A

False

55
Q

What determines the identity of an element?

A

The number of protons in its nucleus

56
Q

What is the atomic number of an element?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus

57
Q

Fill in the blank: The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom is called its ______.

A

mass number

58
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

59
Q

True or False: Isotopes of an element have different chemical properties.

A

False

60
Q

What is the main difference between the Bohr model and the Rutherford model of the atom?

A

The Bohr model includes quantized energy levels for electrons.

61
Q

What are energy levels in an atom?

A

Regions where electrons are likely to be found

62
Q

What is an electron cloud?

A

The area around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found

63
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level?

A

2

64
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second energy level?

A

8

65
Q

True or False: The outermost electrons are referred to as valence electrons.

A

True

66
Q

What is the significance of valence electrons?

A

They determine an atom’s chemical properties and bonding behavior.

67
Q

What is the symbol for the element Carbon?

A

C

68
Q

What is the atomic mass of Carbon?

A

Approximately 12 atomic mass units (amu)

69
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ model describes the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons.

A

Rutherford

70
Q

What is the principle of quantization in the Bohr model?

A

Electrons exist in specific energy levels and can transition between them.

71
Q

What is the term for an atom that has gained or lost electrons?

A

Ion

72
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positively charged ion

73
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negatively charged ion

74
Q

True or False: The atomic mass is the average mass of all isotopes of an element.

A

True

75
Q

What is the significance of the periodic table?

A

It organizes elements based on increasing atomic number and similar properties.

76
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the region of space around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found.

A

electron cloud

77
Q

What is the relationship between atomic number and chemical behavior?

A

The atomic number determines the element’s identity and its chemical behavior.

78
Q

What is the main concept of Dalton’s atomic theory?

A

All matter is made up of indivisible atoms.

79
Q

True or False: Atoms of different elements can combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds.

A

True

80
Q

What does the term ‘atomic mass unit’ (amu) refer to?

A

A unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights.

81
Q

What is the electron configuration for Oxygen (O)?

A

1s² 2s² 2p⁴

82
Q

What is the valency of an element?

A

The combining capacity of an element, based on the number of electrons it can gain, lose, or share.

83
Q

What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?

A

A molecule can be made of the same or different elements, while a compound is made of different elements.

84
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the central part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons.

A

nucleus

85
Q

What is the significance of the neutron in an atom?

A

Neutrons contribute to the mass of the atom and help stabilize the nucleus.

86
Q

True or False: Electrons have a much greater mass than protons.

A

False

87
Q

What defines a chemical reaction at the atomic level?

A

The rearrangement of atoms to form new substances.

88
Q

What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?

A

It states that the position and momentum of an electron cannot both be precisely determined at the same time.

89
Q

What is a photon?

A

A quantum of light or electromagnetic radiation.

90
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers.

A

Pauli exclusion

91
Q

What is the shape of an s orbital?

A

Spherical

92
Q

What is the shape of a p orbital?

A

Dumbbell-shaped

9th Chemistry (1 decks)

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