structure & function of fascia Flashcards
1
Q
what is fascia?
A
- term used to describe the sheath/sheet/wrapping tissue that surrounds deep structures of the body
- envelops, separates and binds together anatomical structures
2 types of fascia
- superficial
- deep
2
Q
what is superficial fascia?
A
- loose connective tissue
- collagen and elastic fibres
3
Q
what is deep fascia?
A
- dense organised connective tissue
- devoid of adipose tissue
4
Q
where is superficial fascia found?
A
- subcutaneous tissue
- varies in thickness & distribution
5
Q
where is deep fascia found in th body?
A
- almost everywhere
- intermuscular septa
6
Q
what are the general functions of fascia?
A
- packing and insulation
involved in:
- thermoregulation
- protective padding
- support for tissues/organs
- reduces friction
- myofascial system
7
Q
what is compartment syndrome?
A
- increased pressure caused by swelling of tissue or increase in fluid
- affects functions of the muscles or nerves in the compartment
- fasciotomy to relieve pressure in emergency
8
Q
what is plantar fasciitis?
A
- musculoskeletal condition
- painful disorder of plantar fascia
- supports arches of the foot
- muscles of calf may be involved, which can causes pain in the calf muscles
- patient has ‘flat foot’
9
Q
what is fascial fibrosis?
A
- fascial degeneration/thickening
- similar process to scarring
- excess fascia deposited
e.g Dupuytren’s contracture
- pathology of plant fascia thickened and shortened
- fixed flexion deformity
10
Q
what is myofascial pain syndrome?
A
- chronic or acute
- pain originates from muscle and surrounding fascia
- triggers point - radiating pain
11
Q
how does fascia prevent infection spreading?
A
- structures are compartmentalised by tubes of deep fascia
- infection tends to spread within fascial compartments or between fascial compartments
- the deep fascia helps to prevent the spread of infection from 1 compartment to another
