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Hematology > Structure & Function of Blood Cells > Flashcards

Structure & Function of Blood Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What is hematocrit?

A

The percentage of RBCs.

Normal is 40-50% in males are 36-44 in females.

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2
Q

What is MCV?

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume, the average volume of a red blood cell. Typically 80-99.

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3
Q

What is RDW?

A

Red Cell Distribution Width. Typically 11.5%-14.5

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4
Q

What is the normal hemoglobin range?

A

14-18m

12-16f

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5
Q

What is MCH?

A

The average mass of Hb per RBC.

Normal range from 27-31

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6
Q

What is MCHC

A

Concentration of Hb in a given volume of RBCs.

Normal Range: 32-36

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7
Q

What is the normal WBC?

A

4.8-10.8

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8
Q

RBC?

A
  1. 7-6.1 males

4. 2-5.4 females

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9
Q

What are distinguishable differences between bands and monocytes?

A

Monocytes are a frosted glass appearance to their cytoplasm, while bands have more granules present. Also, monocytes stain more red, while bands are more purple/blue

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10
Q

How do red cells produce such a durable membrane?

A

They have ankyrin, which attaches the alpha and beta chains of spectrin to produce intracellular cables that hold the cell together.

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11
Q

How do red blood cells offset osmotic pressure?

A

Na/K ATPase (Sodium out/Potassium in)

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12
Q

What is the anti-oxidant system of RBCs?

A

Glutathione (requiring NADPH)

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13
Q

What is a method of reducing methemoglobin?

A

Methemoglobin (Fe+++) can be reduced by cytochrome b5 reductase.

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14
Q

What can cause precipitated Hb?

A

genetic defect in hb structure

oxidized hb

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15
Q

What produces bite cells?

A

tissue-based phagocytes that remove chunks of the cell to remove the precipitated hb

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16
Q

What is the difference between schistocytes, spherocytes and bite cells?

A

Schistocytes are cleaved red cells (frequently helmet shaped). They are present in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.

Spherocytes are spherical RBCs without a central zone of pallor. These mean some sort of hemolysis.

Bite cells are used to describe cells in G6PD deficiency, where the spleen bites out the precipitated Hb (due to xs oxidation)

17
Q

What can current hematology analyzers provide?

A 
Hb concentration
Reticulocytes
Hematocrit
MCV
RDW
MPV
PLTS
Hematocrit
Leukocyte subsets
18
Q

What are the limitations of hematology analyzers?

A

Can’t count bands.
Blasts may be counted as lymphocytes or monocytes
Red cell fragments may be counted as plts.
plts clumps aren’t detected (showing artificial thrombocytopenia).

19
Q

What is the mneumonic to remember the WBCs in their commonality order?

A

Neutrophils Like Making Everything Better (most to least common)

Hematology (7 decks)

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