Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Question 1

Force of attraction between any atoms in a compound

Answer 1

Chemical bonding

Question 2

Interactions involving __________ that are responsible for the chemical bond

Answer 2

valence electrons

Question 3

A way to represent atoms using the element symbol and valence electrons as dots

Answer 3

Lewis Symbols

Question 4

In Lewis symbols, the number of dots used corresponds directly to the number of ______ located in the _____ of the atoms of the element

Answer 4

valence electrons, outermost shell

Question 5

attractive force due to the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another

Answer 5

Ionic bond

Question 6

Reason for attraction between atoms

Answer 6

The attraction is due to the
opposite charges of the ions

Question 7

attractive force due to the sharing of electrons between atoms

Answer 7

Covalent bond

Question 8

is a symmetrical 3-D structural arrangements of atoms, ions or molecules (constituent particle) inside a crystalline solid as points

Answer 8

Crystal lattice

Question 9

Compounds containing covalent bonds are called???

Answer 9

covalent compounds or molecules

Question 10

Bonds of diatomic elements

Answer 10

covalent bond

Question 11

A physical property of compounds which relates other physical properties such as melting and boiling points, solubility, and intermolecular interactions between molecules.

Answer 11

Bond polarity

Question 12

bonds made up of unequally shared electron pairs

Answer 12

Polar covalent bonding

Question 13

bonds made up of equally shared electrons pairs

Answer 13

Nonpolar covalent bonding

Question 14

Electronegativity Difference Range of nonpolar covalent bond

Answer 14

0.0 - 0.4

Question 15

Electronegativity difference range of polar covalent bond

Answer 15

0.5 - 2.0

Question 16

Electronegativity difference range of ionic bond

Answer 16

greater than 2.0

Question 17

Chemical bond: metal + nonmetal

Answer 17

ionic

Question 18

Chemical bond: 2 nonmetals

Answer 18

covalent

Question 19

In ionic bond, electrons are _____

Answer 19

transfered

Question 19

Chemical bond: boiling and melting point of ionic bond

Answer 19

High

Question 20

In covalent bonds, electrons are ____

Answer 20

Shared

Question 21

the assignment of a correct and unambiguous name to each and every chemical compound

Answer 21

Nomenclature

Question 22

2 naming systems

Answer 22

• ionic compounds
• covalent compounds

Question 23

representation of the fundamental compound using element symbols and numerical subscripts

Answer 23

Chemical formula

Question 24

Method: the charge of each ion is crossed over to become a subscript of the other ion

Answer 24

Crisscross method

Question 25

How to name representative metal

Answer 25

Metal (element name) + nonmetal (stem name of nonmetal + suffix -ide)

Question 26

2 names for transition metals

Answer 26

• stock name
• classical name

Question 27

How to form stock name?

Answer 27

Use element name + Roman numeral that represent the charge of the cation + anion stem + -ide

Question 28

How to form classical name (common name)

Answer 28

Use of Latin name stem + the suffix -ous (lower charge) or -ic (higher charge) of the cation + anion stem + -ide

Question 29

Composed of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded together with an overall positive or negative charge

Answer 29

Polyatomic ion

Question 30

one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms

Answer 30

Single bond

Question 31

two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms

Answer 31

double bond

Question 32

three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms

Answer 32

triple bond

Question 33

• the amount of energy required to break a bond holding two atoms together

Answer 33

Bond energy

Question 34

Decreasing bond energy

Answer 34

triple bond > double bond > single bond

Question 35

Distance separating the nuclei of two adjacent atoms

Answer 35

Bond length

Question 36

Decreasing bond length order

Answer 36

Single bond > double bond > triple bond

Question 37

A property of a compound having two or more possible Lewis structures that contribute to the real structure.

Answer 37

Resonance structures

Question 38

• The possible structures do not accurately represent the structure of the compound experimentally.

Answer 38

Resonance structures

Question 39

• less than eight electrons around an atom other than H

Answer 39

Incomplete octet

Question 40

if there is an odd number of valence electrons, it is not possible to give every atom eight electrons

Answer 40

Odd electron

Question 41

an element in the 3rd period or below may have 10 and 12 electrons around it

Answer 41

Expanded octet

Question 42

VSEPR theory

Answer 42

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory

Question 43

used to predict the shape of the molecules

Answer 43

VSEPR theory (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory)

Question 44

attractive forces within molecules (chemical bonds).

Answer 44

Intramolecular forces

Question 45

attractive forces between molecules (hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals forces, London dispersion forces, etc.)

Answer 45

Intermolecular forces

Question 46

the maximum amount of solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature

Answer 46

Solubility

Question 47

– has direct proportionality to B.P. and M.P

Answer 47

Molecular mass

Question 48

polar molecules have higher B.P. and M.P. than nonpolar molecules due to their strong intermolecular forces of attraction

Answer 48

Polarity