Structure and functions Flashcards
may exam
What is coronal/frontal plane?
Divides the body into anterior and posterior
what is transverse or axial plane ?
Divides the body horizontally into superior and inferior
what is median/ med-sagittal plane?
Divides the body into left and right
What is sagittal or para-sagittal plane?
Vertically and parallel
What is function of skeletal system?
Provides support,
Determine the shape of the body
protection of vital organs
Contains red bone marrow
Mineral store for calcium and phosphate
Characteristics of compact/cortical bone?
Hard, dense outer layer
Characteristics of spongy/ trabecular bone?
Soft, more porous inner layer containing marrow
Characteristics of Flat bone?
Protect vital organs
Characteristics of long bone?
Provide structure and leverage for movement
Characteristics of irregular bones
Unique shapes for specialized functions
What are bones?
Vital, dynamic organ system
How do bone grow?
Bones grow in length at the epiphyseal plates, where cartilage is replaced by bone. Growth is stimulated by hormones, especially from the pituitary gland. Bone lengthening stops around age 25, but bones continue to be remodelled throughout life
the 3 type of cone cells?
Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes
What are Osteoblasts?
Immature bone cells
On bone surface
Secrete organic bone matrix ‘
What is Osteoclasts?
Secrete acids and enzymes that remove bone
Multinucleate cells derived from monocytes
in the endosteum
What is osteocytes?
mature bone cells
Stellate
Sense loading
What is osteoporosis?
Condition where bone strength weakens and is susceptible to fracture. usually affects hip, wrist or spine
What is midline?
Protection and muscle attachment
- skull
- vertebral column
-Ribs
Sternum
What is skull?
Contains and protects the brain, organs of special sense and upper respiratory and alimentary tracts. aprox 22 bones
