Structure and function of the processor

Question 1

ALU

Answer 1

Arithmetic Logic Unit
It performs the different logical and arithmetic operations

Question 2

Control Unit

Answer 2

It directs the operations within the computers processor

Question 3

Register

Answer 3

A small piece of memory inside the CPU that stores and manipulates data during execution of instructions

Question 4

PC

Answer 4

Program Counter
A register that contains the address of the instruction currently being executed

Question 5

ACC

Answer 5

Accumulator
A register that stores the results of an ALU

Question 6

MAR

Answer 6

Memory Address Register
Stores the address of the next instruction to be stored

Question 7

MDR

Answer 7

Memory Data Register
Temporarily stores the data which is read from or written to memory

Question 8

CIR

Answer 8

Current Instruction Register
Holds the instruction that is currently being executed

Question 9

Busses

Answer 9

They are the way that data transfers between components

Question 10

Data Bus

Answer 10

Carries the actual binary that makes up the in formation
(Bi-Directional)

Question 11

Address Bus

Answer 11

Carries memory addresses that identify where that data is being read from or written to
(Uni-Directional)

Question 12

Control Bus

Answer 12

carries command signals to and from every other components on the CPU
(Bi-Directional)

Question 13

Fetch-Decode-Execute

Answer 13

The cycle of getting an instruction understanding it and performing it

Question 14

CPU

Answer 14

Central Processing Unit
The main part of the computer that acts as the control center

Question 15

Clock Speed

Answer 15

The number of cycles per second

Question 16

Cores

Answer 16

A single complete copy of the CPU

Question 17

Cache

Answer 17

Small part of data that temporarily sores data and instruction being read to and written from

Question 18

Pipelining

Answer 18

Completing the fetch-decode-execute cycles at the same time

Question 19

Von Neumann Architecture

Answer 19

Has a single shared memory for programs and data

Question 20

Harvard Architecture

Answer 20

Instructions and data are stored on separate memory units

Question 21

Contemporary Architecture

Answer 21

A version of a CPU that is designed to speed up performance by supporting a large number of specialised instructions