structure and function of neurons

Question 1

what is a neuron

Answer 1

specialised cell that conducts electrical impulses through the body

Question 2

what part of a neuron connects to another

Answer 2

dendrites

Question 3

what is the role of the sensory neuron

Answer 3

transmit messages from sense receptors to the brain or spinal cord

Question 4

structure of the sensory neuron

Answer 4

long dendrites
short axon

Question 5

function of the motor neuron

Answer 5

transmit messages from brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands

Question 6

structure of the motor neuron

Answer 6

short dendrites
long axon

Question 7

function of relay neuron

Answer 7

allow sensory and motor to communicate
— sits with brain and spinal cord

Question 8

structure of motor neuron

Answer 8

short dendrites
short axon

Question 9

what is an effector

Answer 9

something that makes a response

Question 10

what is a receptor

Answer 10

something that detects stimuli

Question 11

what is a stimulus

Answer 11

a change that can be detected

Question 12

where do sensory neurons take messages to

Answer 12

relay neuron

Question 13

what is synaptic transmission

Answer 13

how nerve cells communicate with eachother

Question 14

order of response

Answer 14

stimulus - receptor - sensory neuron - relay neuron - motor neuron - effector - response

Question 15

what is an excitatory neurotransmitter

Answer 15

increase the likelihood that an electrical impulse will be triggered in the post synaptic neuron

Question 16

what is an inhibitory neurotransmitter

Answer 16

decrease the likelihood that an electrical impulse will be triggered in the post synaptic neuron

Question 17

explain synaptic transmission

Answer 17

• neurons release chemicals called neurotransmitters to communicate with each others
• these travel along the synapse and bind to the receiving neuron

Question 18

what is the role of antidepressants in a synapse

Answer 18

help improve mood by affecting the chemicals in the brain that transmit signals between neurons

Question 19

how do antidepressants work

Answer 19

increase the levels of the mood regulation neurotransmitter