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Structure and Function > Structure and Function finals > Flashcards

Structure and Function finals Flashcards

1
Q

Fill in the missing level of complexity: atom, molecule, organelle, ______, tissue.

A

Cell

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2
Q

Of the 92 naturally occurring elements, how many are found in living tissues?

A

26

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3
Q

Anthropological categorization of Homo sapiens suggests that:

A

Homo sapiens are closely related to Homo neanderthalensis

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4
Q

Hippocrates and Aristotle:

A

were acient greek philosophers.

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5
Q

The author of the book De Humani Corporis was

A

Vesalius

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6
Q

Which is a recognized part of scientific methodology?

A

Observation, proposal of an hypothesis, testing of hypothesis, peer review of studies done.

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7
Q

A patient has a popliteal lesion and receives IV therapy in an antecubital vein. This is to say:

A

the injury is behind the knee and the therapy is offered at the anterior elbow.

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8
Q

The term encphalic has what meaning?

A

inside the head

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9
Q

An atom has 17 protons, 17 electrons, and 18 neutrons.

A

the atomic mass is 35
there are 7 electrons in the outermost orbital

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10
Q

Carbon may have 6,7, or 8 neurons.

A

These have the same atomic number, these are isotopes of carbon, the three differ in their atomic masses, one of these forms is radioactive

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11
Q

Sodium is found in nature with one electron less than its atomic number.

A

this is an ion, this entity would have a +1 charge, this entity would be attracted to chloride ions

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12
Q

Which 5 carbon sugar is foundational to ATP, RNA, and DNA?

A

Ribose

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13
Q

Monosaccharides

A

include glucose

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14
Q

Which polymer of glucose has every other glucose molecule upside down?

A

cellulose

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15
Q

Which of the following is true of cholesterol?

A

it is needed for the making of some hormones

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16
Q

From which molecule are the eicosanoids synthesized?

A

arachidonic acid

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17
Q

Inhibiting the formation of the eicosanoids can be accomplished by

A

aspirin, ibuprofen, steroids such as cortisol.

18
Q

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not DNA?

A

uracil

19
Q

How many amino acids are there?

A

20

20
Q

Seven amino acids, by dehydration synthesis, form six peptide bonds.

A

this is an oligopeptide and six molecules of water are lost.

21
Q

Properties of water include

A

polarity of molecule, thermal stability.

22
Q

pH is a measure of

A

probability of releasing H+ into solution

23
Q

Chlorine bleach has a pH of 9

A

this is likely to take up H+ from solution

24
Q

A solution of glucose in water is 2 molar.

A

this is 360 grams of glucose in one liter of water. the number of glucose molecules is Avogadro’s number times 2

25
Q

A mixture has particle sizes of 50 nm, the particles can be filtered, but no precipitate forms upon standing.

A

this is a colloid and blood plasma proteins fit into this classification

26
Q

Cyclic AMP

A

can become ATP by the addition of two phosphate groups, has ribose attached to adenine at carbon #1, has a phosphate group attached to ribose at carbon #5

27
Q

The most abundant protein in the human body is

A

collagen

28
Q

Epithelial cells commonly

A

cover surfaces, secrete things, absorb things, and protect underlying tissues.

29
Q

Characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue would be

A

striated

30
Q

What is the principal function of adipose tissue?

A

store triglycerides

31
Q

Connective tissues have three components:

A

cells, fibers, and ground substance.

32
Q

How does cardiac muscle tissue differ from smooth muscle tissue?

A

cardiac is striated

33
Q

the human cytoplasmic membrane

A

has enzymes

34
Q

Which cytoskeletal component is made of tubulin?

A

microtubules

35
Q

Which organelle is made of tubulin and directs chromosomes to their future locations during mitosis?

A

centrosomes

36
Q

There are twelve human organ systems.

A

Reproductive, Digestive, Urinary, Cardiovascular, Integumentary, Nervous, Respiratory, lympathic, muscular, skeletal, circulatory and endocrine

37
Q

Medical scientists whose contributions in the 1000-1200 A.D. time period were not influenced by doctrines of the Catholic Church are named

A

Maimonides and Avicenna

38
Q

Collagen fibers of the dermis are densely packed but run in different directions. For this reason we classify dermal tissue as

A

dense irregular connective tissue proper

39
Q

In order to have a quaternary structure, a protein must consist of

A

more than one chain of amino acids

40
Q

Ingredients for making a phospholipid include

A

glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and a phosphate group

41
Q

The probability of water molecules ionizing into H+ and OH- is one in ten million. Calculate the pH of pure water.

A

7

Structure and Function (1 decks)

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