Structure and Function Continued Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

star-shaped cells with many processes that stretch around and between neurons and, sometimes, blood vessels; increase blood flow to areas that need it; secrete chemicals; help form the outer membrane around the brain and the blood brain barrier

A

Astrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

gaps between sections of myelin where the axon is exposed

A

Nodes of Ranvier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  • tiny, mobile cells that remove debris from injured or dead cells
  • Two Functions: 1) house-keeping, 2) immune function
A

Microglial Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

consists of the brain and spinal cord

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

includes all other parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord

A

Peripheral Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

transmit information from the spinal cord and brain to muscles and glands

A

Motor Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

convey information from the body to the CNS

A

Sensory Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nerves that interconnect the brain and the major muscles and sensory systems of the body

A

Somatic Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nerves that connect to the viscera (internal organs)

A

Autonomic Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

innervate (supply part of body with nerves) the head, neck, and visceral organs directly from the brain; some are sensory, some are motor, and some are both

A

Cranial Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

connect to the spinal cord; each spinal nerve consists of a group of motor fibers that project from the spinal cord (in the ventral root) and a group of sensory fibers that enter the spinal cord (in the dorsal root)

A

Spinal Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The Autonomic Nervous System is the Main System for Controlling the Body’s Organs

A

just know this!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

prepares the body for action- the “fight or flight” response

A

sympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

helps the body return to homeostasis- rest and digest (relax and recuperate)

A

parasympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

is the outermost, convoluted layer of the brain

A

cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

has gyri (ridged or raised portions) and sulci (furrows)

A

cortex

17
Q

Higher cognitive functioning, like sensory perception, emotion, cognition, consciousness

A
  • Why is the cortex all folded on itself like that?
  • In looking at the differences between the brains below, what do you think the cortex might be important for?