Structure and Function

Question 1

What affects diffusion?

Answer 1

Area available for exchange
Diffusion resistance
Concentration gradient

Question 2

Blood flow to brain

Answer 2

Max and min = 750 ml/min

Question 3

Blood flow to heart

Answer 3

Max = 1200 ml/min
Min = 300 ml/min

Question 4

Blood flow to kidney

Answer 4

Max and min = 1200 ml/min

Question 5

Blood flow to gut (and liver)

Answer 5

Max = 2400 ml/min
Min = 1400 ml/min

Question 6

Blood flow to the skin

Answer 6

Max = 2500 ml/min
Min = 200 ml/min

Question 7

Blood flow to the rest of the body

Answer 7

Max and min = 200 ml/min

Question 8

How much blood does the CVS deliver as a whole?

Answer 8

5 - 25 litres/min

Question 9

Components of the CVS

Answer 9

A pump
Distribution vessels - arteries
Flow control - arterioles and pre-capillary sphincters
Ability to cope with changes - capacitance system in veins

Question 10

Distribution of blood volume at rest

Answer 10

Arteries/arterioles = 11%
Capillaries = 5%
Heart and lungs = 17%
Veins = 67%

Question 11

Which parts of the body do blood vessels not reach?

Answer 11

Cartilage
Epithelia
Cornea

Question 12

Structure of cardiac muscle

Answer 12

Striated
Highly branched
Intercalated discs - overlapping projections of sarcolemma which contain desmosomes + gap junctions
Myogenic
Conduction spreads rapidly through tissue across gap junctions