Structure and Bonding Flashcards
Bohr Model postulates
- Circular orbit around nucleus
- Only certain discrete orbits possible
- Energy given out when one orbit becomes another
Height of wave (1D)
Wavefunction of an electron in a 1-dimensional box
Ψ^2 (from Schrodinger equation)
Probability of finding electron at that point.
Area under curve = 1
P at walls and nodes = 0
2 dimensional quantum numbers
n and m
Spherical polar coordinates
r, radius
θ (latitude)
φ (longitude)
Properties of an orbital
n: orbital size, Ψ as a function of r, θ, φ
l: orbital shape, Ψ as a function of r (radial wavefunction)
ml: orbital orientation, Ψ as a function of θ, φ
1s Ψ^2
0 at walls, highest at 1/2L
2s Ψ^2
0 at walls and node at 1/2L, highest at ~3/4L
radial nodes
ns n-1
np n-2
nd n-3
nf n-4
Values of l
n-1
Values of ml
integer values -l < ml < +l
s orbitals
n = n, l = 0, ml = 0
s
Ψ^2 is Sphere with n - 1 nodes
2p orbitals
n = 2, l = 1, ml = -1, 0, +1
px, py, pz
Ψ^2 is hourglass shape
3p
n = 3, l = 1, ml = -1, 0, +1
px, py, pz
Ψ^2 is 2 balls on each plane
3d
n = 3, l = 2, ml = -2, -1, 0, +1, +2
dxy, dxz, dyz, dx^2-y^2, dz^2
