Structure and Bonding Flashcards
What is a compound?
A substance that contains two or more types of atom chemically bonded together.
Why do atoms want a full outer shell?
Because it gives an atom a stable electronic structure.
What is ionic bonding?
A strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions that holds ions in a compound together.
What is electrostatic attraction?
The force of attraction between negatively and positively charged ions.
What is ionic bonding between?
A metal and a non-metal.
What happens when a metal and a non-metal react?
Electrons are transferred from the metal to the non-metal so that they both have full outermost shells. The metal atoms become positive ions and the non-metal atoms become negative ions so they are attracted to each other.
How does one draw an ionic structure?
Draw square brackets around the ion and a charge (-, 2+ etc) in the top right corner.
What is an ionic compound?
A giant lattice made of ions.
What is covalent bonding?
When two non-metals bond by sharing a pair of electrons. They are very strong.
How many electrons can the first electron shell of an atom hold?
2
How many electrons can the second electron shell of an atom hold?
8
How many electrons can the third electron shell of an atom hold?
8
How many electrons can the fourth electron shell of an atom hold?
2
What is a simple molecule?
A molecule made up of just a few atoms.
What six simple molecules only have single covalent bonds?
- Hydrogen (H2)
- Chlorine (Cl2)
- Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
- Methane (CH4)
- Ammonia (NH3)
- Water (H2O)
