Structure and Bonding Flashcards
What are the 3 types of bonding?
Hydrogen bonding
Permanent dipole to permanent dipole attractions.
London Dispersion Forces.
If a substance is gas at room temperature, it must have…
A covalent molecular structure.
What are pure covalent bonds?
Atoms in a bond that have the same electronegativity.
The higher the EN difference…
The more polar.
What are polar molecules?
Molecules with different electronegativities causing one to be slightly negative and one slightly positive.
Large difference in EN…
Ionic in character.
Smaller difference in EN…
Covalent in character.
What type of forces are found in non-polar molecules?
Only LDFs
There is no permanent dipole in…
Symmetrical molecules.
Hydrogen bonding.
The difference in EN is much greater for the H-N, H-O and H-F bonds. Hydrogen is bonded to very small, highly electron attracting atoms. Stronger permanent intermolecular forces.
More hydrogen bonds means…
More viscous.
Higher viscosity…
Less runny.
Why does water have a high surface tension.
The molecules on the surface of water have hydrogen bonds. This has the effect of pulling the surface molecules closer together.
LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE.
Molecules will dissolve if the resulting intermolecular force of attraction is of a similar strength.
Hydrated ions.
Ion surrounded by water.
