Structure And Bonding

Question 1

What happens when a metal atom reacts with a non-metal atom?

Answer 1

Electrons in the outer shell of the metal atom are transferred

Question 2

What happens to metal atoms for them to become positively charged ions?

Answer 2

They lose electrons

Question 3

What happens to non-metal atoms for them t become negatively charged ions?

Answer 3

They gain electrons

Question 4

What groups are ions produced by?

Answer 4

Metals in groups 1 and 2
Non-metals in group 6 and 7

Question 5

How can the electron transfer during the formation of an ionic compound be represented

Answer 5

A dot and cross diagram

Question 6

How many electrons makes a full outer shell

Answer 6

8 electrons

Question 7

What type of structure do solids have?

Answer 7

Solids have an alternating lattice with protons and neutrons

Question 8

Define ionic bond

Answer 8

The electrostatic attraction of opposite ions

Question 9

How do ions attract

Answer 9

Opposite charges attract

Question 10

What does it mean if an ionic compound has a high melting point

Answer 10

There are lots of strong ionic bonds meaning lots of energy is required to break the bonds

Question 11

If an ionic compound is in liquid form, is it a conductor of electricity?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

If an ionic compound is in solid form, is it a conductor of electricity

Answer 12

No

Question 13

What makes ions able to carry charge?

Answer 13

They are free to move

Question 14

How are ionic compounds held together?

Answer 14

Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 15

What is a covelant bond?

Answer 15

When atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

Question 16

What is a molecule?

Answer 16

Two or more atoms joined together by bonds

Question 17

Name an example of a covalently bonded substance that has very large molecules

Answer 17

Polymers

Question 18

Name 2 examples of covalently bonded substances that have giant covalent structure

Answer 18

Diamond and silicone dioxide

Question 19

What is the difference between a giant structure and a simple structure?

Answer 19

Giant structures have multiple ions, atoms and bonds. Whereas simple structures don’t have as many

Question 20

What is keeping simple molecules stuck together?

Answer 20

A weak intermolecular force

Question 21

Why cant simple molecules conduct electricity?

Answer 21

They don’t have a charge

Question 22

What substances have relatively low boiling and melting points?

Answer 22

Substances that consist of small molecules like gases or liquids

Question 23

What size molecule has lower boiling and melting points?

Answer 23

Small molecules

Question 24

What size molecule has higher melting and boiling points

Answer 24

Larger molecules

Question 25

What properties do giant structures have?

Answer 25

Many particles and lots of bonds

Question 26

What properties do simple structures have?

Answer 26

A few atoms and bonds Intermolecular forces between molecules

Question 27

How many bonds does graphite have?

Answer 27

4

Question 28

Does diamond have delocalised electrons

Answer 28

No

Question 29

How many bonds does graphite have?

Answer 29

3

Question 30

Does graphite have delocalised electrons?

Answer 30

Yes

Question 31

What type of layers does graphite have

Answer 31

It has hexagonal layers. A singular layer of graphite is called graphene

Question 32

3 example of giant covalent structures

Answer 32

Diamond Graphite Silicone dioxide

Question 33

What was the first fullerene to be discovered?

Answer 33

Buckminsterfullerine

Question 34

Are metals malleable?

Answer 34

Yes because the layers can slide

Question 35

What are the 3 types of bonding?

Answer 35

Metallic bonding Covalent bonding Ionic bonding

Question 36

How are alloys different to metals?

Answer 36

They are usually harder than pure metal, they have different sized atoms and the layers cant slide

Question 37

Two properties of metals

Answer 37

Conductors of electricity Malleable

Question 38

What can you call free moving electrons?

Answer 38

Delocalised electrons

Question 39

What is a lattice?

Answer 39

A structure with a regular repeating pattern

Question 40

What is a monomer?

Answer 40

One small molecule that can form a chain

Question 41

What is a polymer?

Answer 41

A chain of monomers

Question 42

What type of polymer melts when heated?

Answer 42

Thermosoftening

Question 43

What type of polymer does not melt when heated?

Answer 43

Thermosetting