structure and bonding Flashcards
what does an atom contain
- a small positively charged nucleus
- surrounded by orbiting negatively charged electrons
what does the nucleus contain
- protons (positively charged particle) and neutrons
what is the purpose of electrons
electrons (small negatively charged particle) orbit the outside of the nucleus
what is the radius of an atom
about 1 x 10^-10 metres
how are electrons arranged
they are arranged at different distances from the nucleus due to different energy levels
what is the comparison of the radius of a nucleus to the radius of an atom
the radius of a nucleus is less that 1/10 000 of a radius of an atom
where is the mass concentrated in an atom
most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus
- video insert notes here*
what is the overall charge of an atom
0 - neutral (they have no charge because the particle’s charges cancel each other out)
protons charge and in SI units
+1
+1.60 x 10^-19C
what is an elements atomic number
number of protons it possesses
what do all atoms of the same element have in common
they all have the same number of protons
what is the atomic mass of a proton and in SI units
1
SI units: 1.67 x 10^27kg
electrons charge and in SI units
-1
SI units: -1.60 x 10^-19C
where are electrons found
- found in fixed orbits around the nucleus
