Structure and Bonding

Question 1

What is an ionic bond

Answer 1

The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 2

How are ions arranged in an ionic solid

Answer 2

They form a lattice structure

Question 3

What is shown by an ionic formula

Answer 3

The simplest ratio of ions present as well as the charges on each ion

Question 4

What is meant by a covalent bond

Answer 4

The result of two positive nuclei being held together by their common attraction for a shared pair of electrons

Question 5

What causes a polar covalent bond

Answer 5

A difference of between 0.5 and 1.6 in electronegativity between atoms.

Question 6

What is meant by a dipole

Answer 6

When the two atoms involved in the bond are oppositely charged

Question 7

What are London dispersion forces and how do the form

Answer 7

What are they - Forces of attraction that can operate between all atoms and molecules. These forces are much weaker than all other types of bonds

How do they form - A result of electrostatic attraction between temporary dipoles and induced dipoles caused by movement of electrons in atoms and molecules

Question 8

Order the van der Waals’ forces by strength (high to low)

Answer 8

Hydrogen Bonding
PD-PD
LDF

Question 9

What are the three elements involved in hydrogen bonding

Answer 9

Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluoride