Structure 1.1.1 Flashcards
Introduction to the particulate nature of matter
What are the properties of matter?
- Particles - made up of atoms, molecules, or ions
What do elements constitute and what are they made of?
Constitute - simplest chemical substances, all atoms are same
How many substances make up compounds and what is their bond like?
two or more elements, chemically bound in fixed ratio
What are mixtures made up of and what makes them different from compounds?
two or more elements, NOT chemically bound
What are the two top of mixtures and what makes them different?
Homogeneous - uniform composition in the mixture
Heterogeneous - NOT uniform composition in the mixture (can be physically separated)
Identify whether the thing is an element, mixture or compound.
- Copper
- Silver ring
- Water
- Salt
- Soup
- Gold
- Aluminum Foil
- Orange juice
- Windex
- Isopropyl Alcohol
- Rocks
- Salad
- Sugar
- Chalk
- Helium
- Kool-Aid
- Element
- Element
- Compound
- Compound
- Heterogeneous Mixture
- Element
- Element
- Heterogeneous Mixture
- Homogeneous Mixture (or compound)
- Compound
- Heterogeneous Mixture (can be divided by color,type)
- Heterogeneous Mixture
- Compound
- Compound
- Element
- Homogeneous Mixture
What is the difference between filtration, distillation and chromatography? (all are by eye?) physical separation techniques
Filtration - separate solid and liquid
Distillation - two or more liquids with different boiling points
Chromatography - separate pure liquids or solutions of compounds
What are the differences between distillation, recrystallization, and chromatography? (all can separate mixture)
Recrystallization - method that purifies “impure compound” in a solvent (helps isolate your desired product by getting rid of any impurities)
Distillation - two or more liquids with different boiling points
Chromatography - separate pure liquids or solutions of compounds
Identify the separation technique to use to separate.
- Sugar and Sand
- Water (B.P. = 100 degrees Celsius) and ethanol (B.P. = 78 degrees Celsius)
- Aspirin powder and impurities from its synthesis
- A mixture of food dyes
- Solvation Filtration
- Distillation
- Aspirin powder and impurities from its synthesis
- Mixture of food dyes
How do you calculate percent yield?
Divide the actual yield by the theoretical yield
Solve this problem.
A reaction with a·calculated yield of 9.23 g produced 7.89 g of product. What is the percent yield for this reaction? (copied from tsfx.edu.au)
% yield = actual yield/theoretical yield * 100
% yield = 7.89/9.23 * 100
% yield = 85.5 %
