Structure

Question 1

Extended metaphor

Answer 1

An extended metaphor is a version of a metaphor that extends over the course of multiple lines, paragraphs, or stanzas of prose or poetry.

Question 2

Extended metaphor - effect

Answer 2

• allow writers to draw a larger comparison between two things or ideas
• allow the audience to visualize a complex idea in a memorable way or tangible
• create connection
• evoke imagery and emotions

Question 3

Enjambment

Answer 3

Enjambment is the continuation of a sentence or phrase from one line of poetry to the next.

Question 4

Enjambment - effect

Answer 4

• to speed up the pace of the poem or to create a sense of urgency, tension, or rising emotion as the reader is pulled from one line to the next. (build momentum, energy and faster flow)
• to introduce ambiguity or contradiction into an otherwise straightforward sentence
• reader must read through the line break quickly to reach the conclusion of the thought
• create tension (cliffhanger)

Question 5

Semantic Fields

Answer 5

A semantic field is a lexical set of semantically related items, for example, verbs of perception

Question 6

Semantic fields - effect

Answer 6

• to keep a certain image persistent in their readers’ mind
• to create undertones to pieces of literature
• to create a theme and atmosphere
• build emotion

Question 7

Symbols

Answer 7

rainbow–symbolizes hope and promise
red rose–symbolizes love and romance
four-leaf clover–symbolizes good luck or fortune
wedding ring–symbolizes commitment and matrimony
red, white, blue–symbolizes American patriotism
green traffic light–symbolizes “go” or proceed
tree blossoms–symbolize spring season
Pilgrim hat–symbolizes Thanksgiving holiday
dollar sign–symbolizes money, earnings, wealth
image of shopping cart–symbolizes online purchases

Question 8

Symbols - effect

Answer 8

• can create imagery and provide visual elements that allow readers to understand complex literary themes
• evoke emotions
• thematic connection

Question 9

Extended Allegory

Answer 9

An extended story that carries a deeper meaning below the surface. An analogy uses the same idea to build a type of argument “time is money”, while explaining more in the description.
FOR EXAMPLE, animal farms explore communism

Question 10

Extended Allegory - effect

Answer 10

• conveys another more important meaning

- give writers the chance to elaborate on a comparison between two objects or ideas

Question 11

Line break

Answer 11

A line break can also happen at any point the poet sees fit. Depending on the content of the poem, a line break can benefit the tone, mood, and atmosphere of the piece.

Question 12

Line break - effect

Answer 12

• to speed up, slow down, create drama or tension in a poem
• add dynamism and keep a reader moving through the text at the pace the writer wants them to.
• If a writer uses frequent line breaks, they are able to create short choppy lines. With fewer line breaks, the poem can go slower, appear more fluid, and create more cohesive sentences.

Question 13

Caesura

Answer 13

A break in the middle of the line using punctuation

Question 14

Caesura - effect

Answer 14

• Break the rhyme of a line
• Focus on a particular word or phrase
• Create a sense of foreboding at what is to come
• Make a contrast
• Show a depth of emotion
• Create drama and tension
• subtle or dramatic?

Question 15

Speaker

Answer 15

In poetry, the speaker is the voice behind the poem—the person we imagine to be saying the thing out loud. It’s important to note that the speaker is not the poet.

Question 16

Narrative style

Answer 16

Epics are written in a grandiose style, and tell stories of historical events or legends of cultural importance.
Ballads derive from the French “chanson ballade,” which were poems set to music and intended for dancing.
Arthurian romances tell stories of romance and adventure within the Arthurian court.

Question 17

Tone

Answer 17

The poet’s attitude toward the poem’s speaker, reader, and subject matter, as interpreted by the reader.
Examples: scared,anxious,excited,worried,foolish,smart,depressing

Question 18

Rhyming Scheme

Answer 18

A rhyme scheme is the pattern of sounds that repeats at the end of a line or stanza

Question 19

Rhyming Scheme - effect

Answer 19

Rhyme can give impact to the images that the poet is trying to create in the poem and can help create an internal rhythm to depict meaning, emotion, or feeling.

• serves the same purpose as a chord structure in music
• It can give a sense of ending or finality – the rhyming couplet is often used to give a sense of ending as in Shakespeare’s Sonnett XVII
• strong beat / chaotic?

Question 20

Flashback

Answer 20

• to convey background information that supports the main storyline
• help a reader better understand why and how the protagonist got into the situation that’s driving the plot and the reasons behind the main conflict

Question 21

Chronological order

Answer 21

A linear or chronological structure is where the story is told in the order it happens. With a chronological or linear structure, the reader finds out what happens in the ‘correct’ order - this can lead the reader through events clearly.

Question 22

Epigraph

Answer 22

An epigraph is a short standalone quote, line, or paragraph that appears at the beginning of a book. authors use them to set up themes or place the events of their story in context

Question 23

Mood

Answer 23

The mood refers to the atmosphere that is prevalent in the poem. Different elements of a poem such as its setting, tone, voice and theme help establish this atmosphere. As a result, the mood evokes certain feelings and emotions in the reader.