Structure 1

Question 1

Anything greater than n=3 to the level n=3, n=4 or n=5 will produce light in what region?

Answer 1

Infrared

Question 2

If there is a physical boundary between two mixtures, is it homogenous or heterogenous? Eg, oil and water

Answer 2

Heterogenous

Question 3

Chromatography

Answer 3

Is used to separate different components in a mixture

Question 4

Retardation factor formula

Answer 4

Distance travelled by component (b)/ distance travelled by solvent (a) from original spot

Question 5

How many electrons can be in ‘s’?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

Heterogenous mixture

Answer 6

Where all components are in different phases

Question 7

Concentrations are expressed in

Answer 7

mol dm^-3

Question 8

Molar volume of a gas formula

Answer 8

n=v/molar volume (given)

Question 9

Percentage uncertainty formula

Answer 9

Absolute uncertainty/measurement x 100

Question 10

Gas qualities

Answer 10

Particles move in constant, random motion, and constantly collide with each other (if in a container)

Question 11

Solid qualities

Answer 11

Particles are held closely together in a lattice structure, in a fixed position. Particles vibrate around a fixed point.

Question 12

Volatile

Answer 12

Readily goes from a liquid to a gas

Question 13

Radioisotope

Answer 13

Unstable form of an element that emits radiation to transform into a more stable form

Question 14

Hund’s rule

Answer 14

If two or more orbitals of equal energy are available, electrons will occupy them singularly before filling them in pairs

Question 15

Correlation between volume and temperature

Answer 15

n1=n2 and p1=p2
The volume increases, the temperature increases

Question 16

How to find maximum total apparatus uncertainty

Answer 16

Add individual and instrument percentage uncertainties

Question 17

Correlation between pressure and volume at a constant temperature

Answer 17

n1=n2 and T1=T2
Increasing pressure, decreasing volume

Question 18

The faster that the particles move in an ideal gas, what happens to the temperature?

Answer 18

It increases the faster they move

Question 19

If two measurements are multiplied or divided, the absolute uncertainty is found by:

Answer 19

The sum of the percentage uncertainties of the measurements

Question 20

Does Ar have units?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

cm^3 –> dm^-3

Answer 21

Divide by 1000

Question 22

A X ^n+/n-
Z

What do these stand for (the X is bigger)

Answer 22

A is mass number
Z is atomic number
n+/n- are charges

Question 23

What are the two exceptions in electron formulas? Why?

Answer 23

Cr and Cu
1 electron is stolen from 4s to make full boxes.
(3d^5,4s^1, 3d^104s^1)

Question 24

Molar mass units

Answer 24

g mol

Question 25

Fractional uncertainty formula

Answer 25

Absolute uncertainty/measurement

Question 26

From anything greater than n=2 to n=2, in what region will light be produced?

Answer 26

Visible region

Question 27

How many electrons can be in ‘p’?

Answer 27

6

Question 28

Pa-KPa

Answer 28

Divide by 1000

Question 29

Ideal gas’ volume (in reference to the particles and the gas’ volume)

Answer 29

Particles have negligible volume compared with the volume the gas occupies

Question 30

How many electrons can be in ‘d’?

Answer 30

10

Question 31

Correlation between pressure and temperature at a constant volume

Answer 31

n1=n2 and v1=v2
When the pressure increases, the temperature increases

Question 32

Liquid qualities

Answer 32

Liquids still have attractive forces between the particles but are more free to move

Question 33

P
V
n
T
R

What do these stand for and what are they measured in?

Answer 33

P - pressure in Pa
V - volume in m^3
n - amount in mol
T - temperature in Kelvin
R - gas constant (given)

Question 34

Pauli’s exclusion principle

Answer 34

Each orbital can only contain 2 electrons. No two electrons can have the same four electronic quantum numbers.

Question 35

Difference between evaporation and boiling

Answer 35

Evaporation is changing from a liquid to a gas below the boiling point. The particles at the surface gain enough energy to escape as a vapour.

Boiling is changing from a liquid to a gas when the vapour pressure equals the external pressure. Particles throughout the liquid gain enough energy to turn into vapour at the boiling point.

Question 36

Homogenous mixture

Answer 36

Where all components are in the same phase

Question 37

What is the order of the energy sublevels?

Answer 37

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s …

Question 38

If two measurements are added or subtracted, the absolute uncertainty is found by:

Answer 38

Sum of the absolute uncertainties of the two measurements

Question 39

Anything greater than n=1 to the level n=1, will produce light but in what region?

Answer 39

Ultraviolet

Question 40

A has what units?

Answer 40

g mol ^-1

Question 41

What is heat in comparison to temperature?

Answer 41

Heat is a measure of the total amount of energy in a substance, and it depends on how much substance there is.

Temperature measures how ‘hot’ a substance is, and does not depend on how much substance there is. It is a measure of the average kinetic energy.

Question 42

Aufbau principle

Answer 42

Electrons must fill the lowest available energy levels before filling higher levels