Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Structure 1 > Flashcards

Structure 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Anything greater than n=3 to the level n=3, n=4 or n=5 will produce light in what region?

A

Infrared

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If there is a physical boundary between two mixtures, is it homogenous or heterogenous? Eg, oil and water

A

Heterogenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chromatography

A

Is used to separate different components in a mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Retardation factor formula

A

Distance travelled by component (b)/ distance travelled by solvent (a) from original spot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many electrons can be in ‘s’?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Heterogenous mixture

A

Where all components are in different phases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Concentrations are expressed in

A

mol dm^-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Molar volume of a gas formula

A

n=v/molar volume (given)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Percentage uncertainty formula

A

Absolute uncertainty/measurement x 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gas qualities

A

Particles move in constant, random motion, and constantly collide with each other (if in a container)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Solid qualities

A

Particles are held closely together in a lattice structure, in a fixed position. Particles vibrate around a fixed point.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Volatile

A

Readily goes from a liquid to a gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Radioisotope

A

Unstable form of an element that emits radiation to transform into a more stable form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Filtration

A

To separate insoluble solid particles from a liquid. Can be carried out under gravity or with a Büchner funnel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hund’s rule

A

If two or more orbitals of equal energy are available, electrons will occupy them singularly before filling them in pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Correlation between volume and temperature

A

n1=n2 and p1=p2
The volume increases, the temperature increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Distillation

A

Can be used to separate a volatile liquid from dissolved components or less volatile liquids. Is useful when liquids have different boiling points. Is performed with a condenser

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Maximum total apparatus uncertainty formula

A

Add individual and instrument percentage uncertainties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Correlation between pressure and volume at a constant temperature

A

n1=n2 and T1=T2
Increasing pressure, decreasing volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Recrystallisation

A

An impure solid can be dissolved in a solvent by using heat, then cooled slowly so the solid separates in the form of crystals

21
Q

The faster that the particles move in an ideal gas, what happens to the temperature?

A

It increases the faster they move

22
Q

If two measurements are multiplied or divided, the absolute uncertainty is found by:

A

The sum of the percentage uncertainties of the measurements

23
Q

Does Ar have units?

A

No

24
Q

cm^3 –> dm^-3

A

Divide by 1000

25
Q

A X ^n+/n-
Z

What do these stand for (the X is bigger)

A

A is mass number
Z is atomic number
n+/n- are charges

26
Q

What are the two exceptions in electron formulas? Why?

A

Cr and Cu
1 electron is stolen from 4s to make full boxes.
(3d^5,4s^1, 3d^104s^1)

27
Q

Molar mass units

A

g mol

28
Q

Fractional uncertainty formula

A

Absolute uncertainty/measurement

29
Q

Solvation

A

Where one component of a mixture is soluble, the mixture is warmed up, filtered to remove insoluble particles, then the solvent is removed by evaporation

30
Q

From anything greater than n=2 to n=2, in what region will light be produced?

A

Visible region

31
Q

How many electrons can be in ‘p’?

A

6

32
Q

Pa-KPa

A

Divide by 1000

33
Q

Ideal gas’ volume (in reference to the particles and the gas’ volume)

A

Particles have negligible volume compared with the volume the gas occupies

34
Q

How many electrons can be in ‘d’?

A

10

35
Q

Correlation between pressure and temperature at a constant volume

A

n1=n2 and v1=v2
When the pressure increases, the temperature increases

36
Q

Liquid qualities

A

Liquids still have attractive forces between the particles but are more free to move

37
Q

P
V
n
T
R

What do these stand for and what are they measured in?

A

P - pressure in Pa
V - volume in m^3
n - amount in mol
T - temperature in Kelvin
R - gas constant (given)

38
Q

Pauli’s exclusion principle

A

Each orbital can only contain 2 electrons. No two electrons can have the same four electronic quantum numbers.

39
Q

Difference between evaporation and boiling

A

Evaporation is changing from a liquid to a gas below the boiling point. The particles at the surface gain enough energy to escape as a vapour.

Boiling is changing from a liquid to a gas when the vapour pressure equals the external pressure. Particles throughout the liquid gain enough energy to turn into vapour at the boiling point.

40
Q

Homogenous mixture

A

Where all components are in the same phase

41
Q

Fractional distillation

A

Is used to separate and obtain pure samples from a mixture. It is useful when the mixtures have similar boiling points

42
Q

What is the order of the energy sublevels?

A

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s …

43
Q

If two measurements are added or subtracted, the absolute uncertainty is found by:

A

Sum of the absolute uncertainties of the two measurements

44
Q

Anything greater than n=1 to the level n=1, will produce light but in what region?

A

Ultraviolet

45
Q

A has what units?

A

g mol ^-1

46
Q

Reflux

A

Is used to heat volatile liquids, but it keeps all of the products. It is performed with a condenser placed vertically.

47
Q

What is heat in comparison to temperature?

A

Heat is a measure of the total amount of energy in a substance, and it depends on how much substance there is.

Temperature measures how ‘hot’ a substance is, and does not depend on how much substance there is. It is a measure of the average kinetic energy.

48
Q

Aufbau principle

A

Electrons must fill the lowest available energy levels before filling higher levels

Chemistry (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions