structural theories Flashcards
what are the key features of a structuralist study?
Positivist, macro sociology, a meta narrative
which sociological perspectives are under the structuralist umbrella?
Functionalism, Marxism and Feminism
Who are the leading structuralist sociologists?
Durkheim, Marx and Oakley
Who are the “need to know” feminists for this topic?
Ansley, Oakley, Sharpe and Heidensohn
Who are the “need to know” Functionalists for this topic?
Durkheim, Merton, Parsons and Davis and Moore
Who are the “need to know” Marxists for this topic?
Marx, Bowles and Gintis, Althusser and Gramsci.
What did Ansley say?
That women are the “takers of shit” in patriarchal society
What did Oakley say?
Opposes Young and Wilmott, instead suggesting the idea of the “conventional family”
What did Sharpe say?
Women’s position in changing in society, and hence girls’ aspirations have changed too.
What did Heidensohn say?
Women are less likely to commit crime due to the patriarchal control they have faced in all aspects of society.
What did Merton say?
Individuals experience strain due to blocked legitimate opportunities and because of this they turn to deviance or conformity
What did Parsons say?
That there are two functions of the family, that schooling is meritocratic etc
What was David and Moore’s theory?
Role allocation
What did Durkheim say?
crime is inevitable, crime serves a function, education creates workers with specialist skills and leads to social solidarity
What did Gramsci say?
There is cultural hegemony, which means there is domination or rule achieved through ideological control.
What did Marx say?
all institutions would be far more effectively if privatisation occurred and we became less reliant on the state. there is a clear divide between the minority ruling class and the majority working class.
What did Althusser say?
Individuals are controlled through Ideological state apparatuses and repressive state apparatuses. These being through socialisation into the value consensus and boundary maintenance and fear of punishment/consequences.
What did Bowles and Gintis say?
They argues there is a correspondence principle between education and the workforce, the idea that schools teach the informal rules needed for the future through the hidden curriculum.
