Structural Organization Of The Body Flashcards
Cell
Fundamental unit of all living things
Cell membrane
Surrounds and protects the cell
Regulates what passes into and out of the cell
Nucleus
Controls operation of the cell
Directs cell division
Determines structure and function of the cell
Chromosomes
Rod-like structures within the nucleus of a cell
How many pair of chromosomes has a human cell (except spermatozoon)
23 pairs (46 chromosomes)
How many chromosomes has a sex cell
23 unpaired
Genes
Contained in chromosomes
DNA
Contained in a gene,
Regulates activities of the cell according to it’s sequence on each chromosome
DNA sequence
A series of recipes in code
Code
Directs activities of the cell
(Cell division and synthesis of proteins)
A Karyotype
A photograph of an individual’s chromosomes arranged by shape,size, and number
Ana
Up
Bol
To cast
ism
Process
Cata
Down
Anabolic steroid
Builds up protein within cells
Thyroid gland
Secrets thyroid hormone ( thyroxine or T4)
Muscle cell
Long and slender
Contains fibres that aid in contracting and relaxing
An Epithelial cell
May be square and flat to provide protection
A lining and a skin cell
Nerve cell
May be long and have fibrous extensions
Carrying impulses
A fat cell
Large empty spaces for fat storage
Tissue
A group of similar cells working together to do a specific job
Histologist
Scientist who specializes in tissues
Voluntary muscles are found in..
..
Arms, legs, and parts of the body where movement is under conscious control
Involuntary muscle is found…..
Heart, digestive system as well as all other organs
Allows movement that is under unconscious control
Cardiac muscle
Found only in the heart
