Structural organization Flashcards
Chemical level
Atoms, molecules, organelles
Cellular level
Single cell
Tissue level
Groups of similar cells
Organ level
Contains two or more types of tissue
Organ system level
Organs that work closely together
Organismal level
All organ systems combine to make the whole organism
Levels of structural organization
Atoms > Molecules > Organelle > Smooth muscle cell > Smooth muscle tissue > Blood vessel ( organ)
Chemical level
Atoms combine to form molecules
Cellular level
Cells are made up of molecules
Tissue level
Tissues consist of similar types of cells
Organ level
Organs are made up of different types of tissue
Organ system level
Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely
Organismal level
The human organism is made up of many organ systems
Maintenance of life involves
Maintaining boundaries Movement Responsiveness Digestion Metabolism Excretion Reproduction Growth
Maintaining boundaries
Separation between internal and external environments must exist
Movement
Muscular system allows movement
Contractility
Movement at the cellular level
Responsiveness
Ability to sense and respond to stimuli
Digestion
Breakdown of ingested food, followed by it absorption of simple molecules into blood
Metabolism
All chemical reactions that occur in body cells
Excretion
Removal of waist from metabolism and digestion
Catabolism
Breakdown of molecules
Anabolism
Synthesis of molecules
Reproduction at cellular level
Involves division of cells for growth or repair
Reproduction At the organismal level
The Production of offspring
Growth
Increase in size of a body part or of organism
How many organ systems work together to maintain life
11 organ systems
