Structural Identification Terms

Question 1

Thus

Answer 1

Conclusion indicator (Premise before)

(Premise comes before)

Question 2

This suggests

Answer 2

Conclusion Indicator (Premise before)

(Premise Comes before)

Question 3

Therefore

Answer 3

Conclusion Indicator (Premise before)

(Premise comes before)

Question 4

Hence

Answer 4

Conclusion Indicator (Premise before)

(Premise comes before)

Question 5

Consequently

Answer 5

Usually a conclusion Indicator (Premise before), but can sometimes be used to indicate only causation

(Premise comes before)

Question 6

So,

Answer 6

Conclusion Indicator (Premise before)

(Premise comes before)

Question 7

Clearly,

Answer 7

Usually a Conclusion Indicator (Premise unknown), but not always

(Premise can come before or after)

Question 8

This shows that

Answer 8

Conclusion Indicator (Premise before)

(Premise comes before)

Question 9

It follows that

Answer 9

Conclusion Indicator (Premise before)

(Premise comes before)

Question 10

For this reason

Answer 10

Conclusion Indicator (Premise before)

(Premise comes before)

Question 11

However

Answer 11

Change in Direction

(If the argument begins with an opposing view, the author’s view is introduced by this term)

Question 12

But

Answer 12

Change in Direction

(If the argument begins with an opposing view, the author’s view is introduced by this term)

Question 13

Although

Answer 13

Concession

(Typically, the author’s conclusion will appear later in the sentence)

Question 14

Even so

Answer 14

Change in Direction

(If the argument begins with an opposing view, the author’s view is introduced by this term)

Question 15

Because

Answer 15

Premise Indicator (Conclusion unknown)

(Conclusion can come before or after)

Question 16

Since

Answer 16

Premise Indicator (Conclusion unknown)

(Conclusion can come before or after)

Question 17

For example

Answer 17

Premise Indicator (Conclusion before)

(Conclusion must come before)

Question 18

For

Answer 18

Premise Indicator (Conclusion before)

(Conclusion must come before)

Question 19

As shown by

Answer 19

Premise Indicator (Conclusion before)

(Conclusion must come before)

Question 20

Evidence

Answer 20

Premise Indicator (Conclusion unknown)

(Conclusion can come before or after)

Question 21

Moreover

Answer 21

Continuation

(Will typically indicate a premise before and after)

Question 22

Additionally

Answer 22

Continuation

(Will typically indicate a premise before and after)

(Will typically indicate a premise)

Question 23

Also

Answer 23

Continuation

(Will typically indicate a premise before and after)

(Will typically indicate a premise)

Question 24

Furthermore

Answer 24

Continuation

(Will typically indicate a premise before and after)

(Will typically indicate a premise)

Question 25

And

Answer 25

Continuation

(Will typically indicate a premise before and after)

Question 26

Semicolon (;)

Answer 26

Typically indicates a premise, but not always

Question 27

Besides, …

Answer 27

Premise Indicator (Conclusion before)

Question 28

So that

Answer 28

Premise Indicator (Conclusion before)

Question 29

While

Answer 29

Concession

(Typically, the author’s conclusion will appear later in the sentence)

Question 30

Yet

Answer 30

Change Direction

(If the argument begins with an opposing view, the author’s view is introduced by this term)

Question 31

Despite

Answer 31

Concession

(Typically, the author’s conclusion will appear later in the sentence)

Question 32

After All

Answer 32

Premise (Conclusion Before)